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. 2022 Feb 16;219(4):e20220146. doi: 10.1084/jem.20220146

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© 2022 Arnold

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graphic file with name JEM_20220146_Fig2.jpg — Upon migration to the GI tract, eosinophils undergo extensive transcriptional reprogramming, including upregulation of AHR. The availability of AHR ligands dictates the expression of a regional specialization program, which promotes eosinophil maturation, reduces their lifespan, and raises their activation threshold in the small intestine. Tissue-adapted eosinophils respond to AHR through the expression of antimicrobial peptides and ECM components as well as matrix-degrading enzymes and their inhibitors (MMPs and TIMPs). MMPs also cleave latent TGF-β into its active form, which affects the balance between effector (Teff) and regulatory (Treg) T cells. Created with Biorender.com.