Table 3.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Adenovirus Species B and Adenovirus Species C in Children Hospitalized with Acute Respiratory Illness in Amman, Jordan Over Three Respiratory Seasons, 2010–2013
| Characteristics | All Species€ n=201 N (%) | AdV-B n=53 N (%) | AdV-CΩ n=140 N (%) | p-value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, months (mean [SD]) | 9 (6) | 9 (7) | 9 (5) | 0.515 |
| Sex, male | 130 (65) | 32 (60) | 93 (66) | 0.432 |
| Cesarean section | 62 (31) | 13 (25) | 47 (34) | 0.226 |
| Premature, <37 weeks | 35 (17) | 4 (8) | 31 (22) | 0.019 |
| Gestational age, weeks (mean [SD]) | 39 (3) | 39 (2) | 38 (3) | 0.010 |
| Birth weight, kg (mean [SD]) | 3 (0.7) | 3 (0.6) | 3 (0.7) | 0.032 |
| Underlying medical condition | 27 (13) | 8 (15) | 17 (12) | 0.586 |
| Breastfeeding Hx. | 165 (82) | 47 (89) | 111 (79) | 0.131 |
| No. days reported sick (mean [SD]) | 4 (7) | 4 (8) | 4 (3) | 0.682 |
| No. of household members (mean [SD]) | 5 (2) | 6 (2) | 5 (2) | 0.302 |
| Siblings | 161 (80) | 42 (79) | 114 (81) | 0.731 |
| Number of siblings (mean [SD]) | 2 (2) | 2 (2) | 2 (2) | 0.114 |
| Childcare attendance | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.7) | 0.537 |
| Smoke exposure, nargila or cigarette | 167 (83) | 44 (83) | 117 (84) | 0.927 |
| Antibiotics prior to hospitalization | 107 (53) | 32 (60) | 72 (51) | 0.266 |
| Antibiotics during hospitalization | 187 (93) | 51 (96) | 128 (91) | 0.251 |
|
| ||||
| Symptoms | ||||
| Fever | 142 (71) | 39 (74) | 96 (69) | 0.498 |
| Cough | 150 (75) | 39 (74) | 107 (76) | 0.681 |
| Congestion | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.5) | 0.537 |
| Runny nose | 3 (1) | 1 (2) | 2 (1) | 0.818 |
| Vomiting | 35 (17) | 8 (15) | 24 (17) | 0.733 |
| Diarrhea | 29 (14) | 11 (21) | 17 (12) | 0.129 |
| Shortness of breath | 113 (56) | 27 (51) | 84 (60) | 0.256 |
| Wheezing† | 120 (60) | 27 (51) | 88 (63) | 0.132 |
| Seizures/ab. movement | 22 (11) | 4 (8) | 16 (11) | 0.430 |
|
| ||||
| Severity | ||||
| Length of stay, days (mean [SD]) | 5 (4) | 5 (3) | 5 (4) | 0.366 |
| Admission to ICU | 11 (5) | 1 (2) | 9 (6) | 0.204 |
| Admin. oxygen | 46a (23) | 11 (21) | 34b (25) | 0.571 |
| Oxygen duration, days (mean [SD]) | 4 (3) | 4 (4) | 3 (3) | 0.489 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 7c (3) | 2 (4) | 5d (4) | 0.960 |
| Death | 1e (0.5) | 1f (2) | 0 (0) | 0.102 |
p-values were calculated using two-sample t-tests allowing unequal variances for continuous variables and Pearson χ2 test for categorical variables to compare AdV-B and AdV-C species.
Includes AdV-B, AdV-C and AdV-E; does not include specimens with AdV types co-detection (see Supplemental Table 1.)
Does not include specimens with AdV types co-detection (see Supplemental Table 1.)
Data are in n (%), unless otherwise indicated.
denotes collected on physical exam.
n=199;
n=138;
n=199;
n=138;
n=198;
n=52.
Abbreviations: AdV, human adenovirus; Hx, history; ICU, intensive care unit.