TABLE 5.

Multilevel regression of child observed fear on condition, time, and child heart rate (HR)

Fixed effects	Numerator df	Denominator df	F	p
Intercept	1	271.81	40.79	<.001
Condition (threat vs. safety)	1	228.53	0.22	.644
Time	1	484.88	38.70	<.001
Child HR	1	277.02	4.97	.027

Estimates of fixed effects
						95% confidence intervals
Parameter	ß	SE	df	t	p	Lower bound	Upper bound
Intercept	−.67	0.10	367.67	−6.63	<.001	−0.87	−0.47
Threat	.04	0.09	228.53	0.46	.644	−0.14	0.23
Time	.13	0.02	484.88	6.22	<.001	0.09	0.17
Child HR	.10	0.05	277.02	2.23	.027	0.01	0.19

		Estimate	SE	Wald Z	p	Lower bound	Upper bound
Repeated measures	AR1 diagonal	0.53	0.05	10.69	<.001	0.44	0.64
	AR1 rho	0.68	0.03	20.86	<.001	0.61	0.73

Abbreviations: df, degrees of freedom; F, F‐value; p, significance level; ß, beta; SE, standard error; t, t‐value.