Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population
| Men | Women | |
|---|---|---|
| (n = 2,101) | (n = 2,805) | |
| Age (years) | 41.4 ± 5.9 | 41.2 ± 6.0 |
| Non-smokers† | 1,269 (60.5) | 1,708 (60.9) |
| Alcohol status†a | ||
| Nondrinkers | 16 (0.76) | 86 (3.07) |
| Moderate drinkers | 1,820 (86.8) | 2,483 (88.6) |
| Heavy drinkers | 261 (12.5) | 234 (8.4) |
| Physical activity†b | ||
| Sedentary | 89 (4.2) | 121 (4.3) |
| Moderate intensity | 1,178 (56.2) | 1,973 (70.3) |
| Heavy intensity | 830 (39.6) | 709 (25.3) |
| Anthropometry | ||
| Height (cm) | 179.2 ± 6.5 | 165.7 ± 6.3 |
| Weight (cm) | 85.6 ± 14 | 69.4 ± 13.6 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.6 ± 4.0 | 25.3 ± 4.8 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 93.1 ± 11.1 | 82.5 ± 12.3 |
| Hip circumference (cm) | 101.8 ± 7.2 | 101.4 ± 9.7 |
| Body composition by DXA | ||
| Android fat (kg)‡ | 2.07 (1.4, 2.9) | 1.61 (1.0, 2.4) |
| Visceral fat (kg) ‡ | 1.0 (0.5, 1.6) | 0.3 (0.1, 0.6) |
| Gynoid fat (kg) ‡ | 3.3 (2.5, 4.1) | 4.3 (3.4, 5.4) |
| Leg fat (kg) ‡ | 6.1 (4.8, 7.5) | 8.4 (6.9, 10.7) |
| Total lean mass (kg) ‡ | 57.8 (53.6, 62.5) | 41.1 (37.9, 44.5) |
| Total BMD (g/cm2) ‡ | 1.27 (1.20, 1.34) | 1.17 (1.11, 1.25) |
| Pelvic BMD (g/cm2) ‡ | 1.12 (1.04, 1.22) | 1.06 (0.98, 1.15) |
| Spine BMD (g/cm2) ‡ | 1.17 (1.08, 1.26) | 1.10 (1.02, 1.19) |
| Arms BMD (g/cm2) ‡ | 0.89 (0.82, 0.98) | 0.77 (0.71, 0.84) |
| Legs BMD (g/cm2) ‡ | 1.39 (1.31, 1.48) | 1.20 (1.13, 1.27) |
| HOMA IR‡ | 2.9 (2.2, 4.0) | 2.4 (1.8, 3.3) |
| Obesity (BMI>30)† | 367 (17.4) | 427 (15.2) |
| Post-menopausal† | - | 198 (7.5) |
Data presented as mean ± standard deviation and ‡Median (inter-quartile range) for continuous variables; †frequency (percentage) for categorical variables.
aAlcohol intake: moderate consumption, less than 21 units in men and less than 14 units in women (per week); heavy consumption, greater than 21 units in men and greater than 14 units in women (per week). bPhysical activity classified as moderate and vigorous activity per week.