| IS | insertion sequence |
| Tpase (Tnp) | transposase |
| InsA; InsB’ | two ORFs in IS element and in some cases both genes were produced a fused protein (InsAB’) or InsA regulated InsB’ expression |
| TIR | terminal inverted repeat |
| DR | direct repeat |
| Dps | DNA-protection protein from starved cell |
| H-NS | histone-like nucleoid structuring protein |
| LysR | a broad transcriptional regulator family |
| DBD | dielectric bilayer discharge |
| DdrO-IrrE | Deinococcus unique regulatory system for RDR regulon |
| RDR | radiation-desiccation responded regulon |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| SIDD | stress-induced DNA destabilisation region |