Table 1.
L. pneumophila virulence factors.
| Virulence Factors | Encoding Genes | Roles | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Surface Proteins | Hsp60 | htpB | Attachment in host cells, modulation of invasion and cytokine expression in macrophages [36] |
| MOMP | momps | Activation of an alternative pathway of complement CR1 and CR3, phagocytosis [37] | |
| Mip | Mip | Penetration and replication in host cells [38] | |
| Secretion systems | Type I Lss | lssXYZABD locus | Secretion of rtxA, attachment and penetration in host cells [34,59] |
| Type II Lsp | PilEL | Secretion of other virulence factors [42] | |
| Type IV | Lvh | Conjunction, secretion of virulence factors, Legionella survival [43,60] | |
| IcM/Dot | Conjunction, transport and injection of DNA [48,49] | ||
| Two component system | CpxRA | cpxA, cpxR, cpxRA | Transcription of anti-stressor genes, regulation of IcM/Dot system effectors [57,58] |