Figure 3.

Antiviral mechanism of curcumin in the host cell. Chemotherapeutic action is attracted to certain crucial stages in the viral life cycle. These steps include the attachment of the virion to its cellular receptor, its consecutive entry, followed by the viral genome transcription and replication step, and then its translation, virion assembly, and finally release. Curcumin inhibits the action of viral envelope proteins, preventing viral attachment and entry. In addition, certain signaling pathways, inflammation, and translation/transcription machineries are modulated by curcumin that then becomes block viral replication. Apart from this, curcumin disrupts the integrity of the viral envelope and thus acts as a virucidal agent. A few of the viruses against which curcumin has shown a versatile antiviral effect are shown in the circles.