Fig. 2.
LPS promotes TG accumulation in macrophages by inducing HILPDA, which inhibits TG lipolysis by stimulating proteasomal degradation of ATGL. (A) Protein expression levels of ATGL and HILPDA in HilpdaΔLysM and Hilpdafl/fl BMDMs treated with vehicle (Ctrl) or LPS for 30 min or 24 h. HSP90 was used as loading control. (B and C) BODIPY staining and LD quantification of HilpdaΔLysM and Hilpdafl/fl BMDMs treated with LPS or LPS and atglistatin for 24 h. (D) mRNA levels of Pnpla2 (ATGL) in HilpdaΔLysM and Hilpdafl/fl BMDMs treated with vehicle (Ctrl) or LPS for 24 h. (E–G) ATGL protein expression in HilpdaΔLysM and Hilpdafl/fl BMDMs treated with vehicle (Ctrl) or e64d and pepstatin (E), vehicle (Ctrl) or leupeptin (F), and vehicle (Ctrl) or MG132 (G). HSP90 was used as loading control. Data are represented as mean ± SD. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001.