Table 1.

Growth performance and feed intake of calves during different treatments (N = 15 per group).

	Treatment						p-Value
Items	CON	1%Gln	2%Gln	3%Gln	4%Gln	SEM	T	T × D	Linear	Quadratic
BW, kg
0	57.8	58.0	58.1	56.9	57.7	0.28	0.86		0.64	0.93
1-wk	62.3	63.6	63	61.6	63.3	0.31	0.92		0.99	0.97
2-wk	67.1	68.8	68.6	66.3	68.3	0.32	0.73		0.97	0.64
3-wk	68.6	72.0	72.1	68.3	71.7	0.45	0.21		0.53	0.45
4-wk	72.3	76.6	77.2	72.5	75.3	0.45	0.07		0.62	0.09
ADG, kg/d
Pre-weaning	0.67	0.77	0.75	0.68	0.76	0.01	0.36	0.29	0.40	0.42
Post-weaning	0.37	0.56	0.61	0.44	0.50	0.02	<0.01	0.12	0.29	0.01
Overall	0.52	0.67	0.68	0.56	0.63	0.01	<0.01	0.61	0.21	0.02
DMI, g/d
Pre-weaning	1183	1372	1355	1293	1391	14.5	<0.01	0.92	0.01	0.17
Post-weaning	1645	1864	1822	1685	1821	16.3	0.22	0.56	0.17	0.21
Overall	1414	1618	1588	1489	1606	13.3	<0.01	0.42	0.01	0.09
L-Gln intake 1, g/d
Pre-weaning	4.72	18.48	31.86	43.53	60.39	2.35	<0.01	0.77	<0.01	0.17
Post-weaning	0.32	19.00	36.78	50.87	73.19	3.05	<0.01	0.19	<0.01	0.23
Overall	2.52	18.74	34.32	47.20	66.79	2.69	<0.01	0.39	<0.01	0.14
Feed efficiency
Pre-weaning	0.57	0.56	0.55	0.53	0.55	0.02	0.78	0.95	0.98	0.96
Post-weaning	0.22	0.30	0.34	0.26	0.28	0.03	0.03	0.31	0.37	0.08
Overall	0.37	0.42	0.42	0.38	0.39	0.02	0.26	0.76	0.63	0.21

¹ L-Gln intake (g/d) = L-Gln intake of milk replacer (milk replacer intake(mL) × 0.125(w/v, g/mL) × 0.00468) + L-Gln intake of starter feed (feed intake(g/d) × 0.00116× 0.15 (the rumen bypass efficiency of feed protein was 15% in NRC2001 [23])) + L-Gln supplementation (0 or 1% or 2% or 3% or 4% of DMI); BW, body weight; ADG, average daily gain; DMI, dry matter intake; Feed efficiency was calculated as ADG/DMI; T, treatment; D, day.