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. 2022 Feb 28;16(3):4139–4151. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.1c09843

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© 2022 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society

Permits non-commercial access and re-use, provided that author attribution and integrity are maintained; but does not permit creation of adaptations or other derivative works (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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Experimental setup for fluorescence-yield depth-resolved X-ray absorption (XAS) and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). Fluorescence X-ray emitted after XAS was acquired separately at different detection angles θ_d with a charge-coupled device. Lowest θ_d was determined to be ∼0.1°. Magnetic field was tilted by rotations θ_i and θ_is of 90° and 30°, respectively, implying that magnetic field of 0.87 T was applied in the out-of-plane direction and rotated 30° from the in-plane direction.