Figure 1.

Establishment of breast cancer brain metastasis from immortalized breast cancer cell lines. (I) Immortalized breast cancer cell lines are established from breast cancer primary tumors or metastases or (II) spontaneously developed breast cancer in the mouse model. Cells are then cultured in vitro (a) and introduced into mice (b) with the goal of developing brain metastasis. In some models, formed brain metastases are then dissociated to single cells and passaged in vitro (c) to generate a brain-seeking clone and then are reintroduced into the animal (d). Often multiple re-passaging cycles are used to establish brain-seeking clones until an efficient BCBM mouse model is generated (e) (see text). Created with BioRender.com.