| Abbreviation | Meaning |
| AcAc | Acetoacetate |
| AML | Acute myeloid leukemia |
| APE1 | AP endonuclease |
| Arg-1 | Arginase-1 |
| ASC | Apoptosis-associated spot protein |
| ATM | Ataxia telangiectasia-mutated |
| BAK | Bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer |
| BAX | Bcl-2-associated X protein |
| cCAS | cGAMP synthetase |
| CCL2 | Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 |
| CCL5 | Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 |
| CD47 | Antigenic surface determinant protein OA3 |
| CD206 | Mannose receptor |
| cGAMP | Cyclic GMP-AMP |
| CHK2 | Cell Cycle Checkpoint |
| CSF-1 | Colony Stimulating Factor-1 |
| CTLs | Cytotoxic T lymphocytes |
| CXCL10 | CXC chemokine ligand 10 |
| DAMPs | Damage associated molecular patterns |
| DCs | Dendritic cells |
| DDRs | DNA damage repair responses |
| DNase I | Deoxyribonuclease I |
| DNase II | Deoxyribonuclease II |
| Drp1 | Dynamin-related protein-1 |
| dsDNA | Double-stranded DNA |
| ECM | Extracellular matrix |
| ER | Endoplasmic reticulum |
| EVs | Extracellular vesicles |
| GM-CSF | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor |
| GSDMD | Gasdermin-D |
| HLA | Human leukocyte antigen |
| HMGB1 | High-mobility group protein B1 |
| IFN-β | Interferon-β |
| IFN-γ | Interferon-γ |
| IL-1α | Interleukin-1 alpha |
| IL-1β | Interleukin-1 beta |
| IL-4 | Interleukin 4 |
| IL-6 | Interleukin 6 |
| IL-10 | Interleukin 10 |
| IL-12 | Interleukin 12 |
| IL-13 | Interleukin 13 |
| IL-18 | Interleukin 18 |
| IL-23IRF3 | Interleukin 23Interferon regulatory Factor 3 |
| LAP | LC3-associated phagocytosis |
| LPS | Lipopolysaccharide |
| MAPK | Mitogen-activated protein kinases |
| MDVs | Mitochondria-derived vesicles |
| MDSCs | Myeloid-derived suppressor cells |
| MHC-II | Major histocompatibility complex-II |
| MOMP | Mitochondrial outer membrane permeability |
| MPTP | Mitochondrial permeability transition pore |
| Mros | mitochondrial reactive oxygen species |
| MT1-MMP | Membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase |
| mtDNA | mitochondrial DNA |
| MyD88 | Myeloid differentiation factor88 |
| NALP3 | NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3 |
| nDNA | Nuclear DNA |
| NETs | Extracellular traps |
| NF-κB | Nuclear factor-κB |
| NK | Natural Killer Cell |
| NLRP3 | Pyrin domain containing protein 3 |
| NLRs | Nod-like receptors |
| OXPHOS | Oxidative phosphorylation |
| PD-L1 | Programmed death 1 ligand 1 |
| PAMPs | Pathogen-associated molecular patterns |
| POLG | Polymerase gamma |
| PRRs | Pattern recognition receptors |
| ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
| STING | Stimulator of Interferon Genes |
| TANs | Tumor-associated neutrophils |
| TAMs | Tumor-associated macrophages |
| TBK1 | TANK-binding kinase 1 |
| TDEs | Tumor-derived exosomes |
| TFAM | Transcription Factor A |
| TGF-β | Transforming Growth Factor |
| Th1 | Helper T cell |
| TLRs | Toll-like receptors |
| TME | Tumor microenvironments |
| TNBC | Triple-negative breast cancer |
| TNF-α | Tumor necrosis factor-α |
| Tregs | Regulatory T cells |
| TREX1 | Three initial repair exonuclease 1 |
| TRIF | TIR domain |
| VDAC | Voltage-dependent anion channel |
| VEGF | Vascular endothelial growth factor |
| 8-OHG | 8-hydroxyguanosine |