Table 3.
Population characteristics of low and high salivary conductivity groups.
| Low Salivary Conductivity Group * (N = 140) | High Salivary Conductivity Group (N = 74) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Salivary conductivity, ms/cm | 4.84 ± 1.01 | 7.94 ± 1.02 | <0.01 # |
| Demographics | |||
| Age, years | 60.81 ± 13.75 | 69.92 ± 10.93 | <0.01 # |
| Gender (male), n (%) | 42 (30.0) | 29 (39.2) | 0.17 |
| Body weight, kg | 62.94 ± 10.60 | 63.35 ± 11.21 | 0.94 |
| Body height, cm | 159.08 ± 7.39 | 158.76 ± 8.24 | 0.45 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.82 ± 3.34 | 25.07 ± 3.40 | 0.61 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 128.93 ± 19.78 | 135.68 ± 21.91 | 0.02 # |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 74.76 ± 11.60 | 76.14 ± 12.16 | 0.42 |
| Comorbid conditions, n (%) @ | |||
| Diabetes mellitus | 11 (7.9) | 15 (20.5) | <0.01 # |
| Hypertension | 36 (25.7) | 26 (35.6) | 0.13 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 1 (0.7) | 2 (2.7) | 0.27 |
| Ischemic heart disease/Stroke | 7 (5.0) | 9 (12.3) | 0.05 |
| Dyslipidemia | 20 (14.3) | 10 (13.7) | 0.91 |
| Gout | 4 (2.9) | 5 (6.8) | 0.17 |
| Chronic liver disease | 16 (11.4) | 8 (11.0) | 0.92 |
| Laboratory parameters | |||
| BUN, mg/dL | 14.34 ± 4.77 | 16.97 ± 5.78 | <0.01 # |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.76 ± 0.22 | 0.90 ± 0.30 | <0.01 # |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 91.18 ± 22.17 | 77.17 ± 21.27 | <0.01 # |
| Serum osmolality, mOsm/kgH2O | 287.16 ± 5.04 | 288.69 ± 6.15 | 0.05 # |
| Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 100.41 ± 27.27 | 108.16 ± 20.34 | <0.01 # |
| Hemoglobin A1c, % | 5.85 ± 1.05 | 5.97 ± 0.83 | 0.03 # |
| ALT, U/L | 22.89 ± 24.87 | 20.62 ± 9.74 | 0.69 |
| Triglyceride, mg/dL | 107.50 ± 62.19 | 123.95 ± 92.62 | 0.10 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 198.18 ± 36.15 | 200.15 ± 45.37 | 0.73 |
| LDL-C, mg/dL | 120.09 ± 30.79 | 122.05 ± 38.65 | 0.69 |
| HDL-C, mg/dL | 56.46 ± 12.81 | 53.84 ± 13.89 | 0.17 |
Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or number (percentage). * Study populations were stratified into low and high groups according to the cutoff value of salivary conductivity (6.59 ms/m). @ The information of comorbid conditions was obtained by questionnaires. # indicates p-value < 0.05. Abbreviations: ALT, alanine aminotransferase; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.