Table 3.
Proposed MRI protocol for patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. TSE: turbo spin echo; HASTE: half-Fourier acquired single shot turbo spin-echo; VIBE: Volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination; DWI: diffusion weighted imaging; SPAIR: spectral attenuated inversion recovery; FOV: field of view; TR: repetition time; TE: echo time; FA: flip angle.
| Sequence | Manufacturer Acronyms | Typical Contrast | Average Acquisition Time | Spatial Resolution Scan Plane | Scan Parameters | Field Strength B0 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Morphology | ||||||
| 2D Echo-planar Fast Spin Echo Sequence | HASTE (SIEMENS) |
T2-weighted | Expiration Breath-Hold ≈ 40 s (in 2 different breath-hold) |
FOV = 440 mm Thickness = 5 mm Plane = Coronal |
TR = 2860 ms TE = 93 ms FA = 160 deg Matrix = (182 × 256) |
1.5T |
| 2D Echo-planar Fast Spin Echo Sequence | HASTE (SIEMENS) |
T2-weighted | Expiration Breath-Hold ≈ 40 s (in 2 different breath-hold) |
FOV = 420 mm Thickness = 5 mm Plane = Sagittal |
TR = 2860 ms TE = 93 ms FA = 160 deg Matrix = (182 × 256) |
1.5T |
| 2D Echo-planar Fast Spin Echo Sequence | HASTE (SIEMENS) |
T2-weighted | Expiration Breath-Hold ≈ 40 s (in 2 different breath-hold) |
FOV = 360 mm Thickness = 5 mm Plane = Axial |
TR = 2860 ms TE = 93 ms FA = 160 deg Matrix = (170 × 256) |
1.5T |
| 2D Echo-planar Fast Spin Echo Sequence (Fat Saturated) |
HASTE (SIEMENS) |
T2-weighted (Fat saturated) |
Expiration Breath-Hold ≈ 40 s (in 2 different breath-hold) |
FOV = 440 mm Thickness = 5 mm Plane = Coronal |
TR = 2860 ms TE = 93 ms FA = 160 deg Matrix = (182 × 256) |
1.5T |
| 2D Echo-planar Fast Spin Echo Sequence (Fat Saturated) |
HASTE (SIEMENS) |
T2-weighted (Fat saturated) |
Expiration Breath-Hold ≈ 40 s (in 2 different breath-hold) |
FOV = 440 mm Thickness = 5 mm Plane = Axial |
TR = 2860 ms TE = 93 ms FA = 160 deg Matrix= (170 × 256) |
1.5T |
| 2D Turbo Spin Echo (TSE) |
T1-weighted | Free breathing (Navigator) ≈ 2:30 min |
FOV = 440 mm Thickness = 5 mm Plane = Coronal |
TE =491 ms TE = 19 ms FA = 135 deg Matrix = (179 × 256) |
1.5T | |
| 3D Rapid Acquisition Spoiled Gradient Echo | VIBE (SIEMENS) |
T1-weighted (Fat saturated) |
Expiration Breath-Hold ≈ 26 s |
FOV = 390 mm Thickness = 2.5 mm Plane = Axial |
TR = 4.55 ms TE = 2 ms FA = 10 deg Matrix = (153 × 224) |
1.5T |
| DWI | ||||||
| 2D Single-Shot Echo Planar Imaging (EPI) | DWI | T2-weighted diffusion-weighted (SPAIR fat saturation) |
Free breathing (Navigator) 7–10 min |
FOV = 360 mm Thickness = 5 mm Plane = Axial |
TR = 11,500 TE = 90 BW = 1371 B = 0, 50, 400, 800 s/mm2 Matrix = (148 × 192) |
1.5T |
| Contrast Gadolinium Enhanced | ||||||
| 3D Rapid Acquisition Spoiled Gradient Echo Post-contrast (40 s, 80 s, 3′, 4:30′, 5′) |
VIBE (SIEMENS) |
T1-weighted (Fat saturated) |
Expiration Breath-Hold ≈ 26 s |
FOV = 390 mm Thickness = 2.5 mm Plane = Axial |
TR = 4.55 ms TE = 2 ms FA = 10 deg Matrix = (153 × 224) |
1.5T |