Table 3.
Adjusted odds ratios for covariates of the CIAF based on logistic regression.
| Variables | Categories | Coef. | Odds Ratio | Std. Err. | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex of Child | Male (R) | ||||
| Female | −0.098 | 0.9065 | 0.1268 | (0.689, 1.19) | |
| Age of Child (in months) | 0 to 6 months (R) | ||||
| 7–12 months | 0.176 | 1.192 | 0.295 | (0.733, 1.94) | |
| 13–18 months | 0.156 | 1.169 | 0.286 | (0.724, 1.89) | |
| 19–24 months | 0.922 | 2.514 *** | 0.634 | (1.54, 4.12) | |
| 25–36 months | 1.05 | 2.863 *** | 0.580 | (1.93, 4.26) | |
| Birth Order Number | Measure as continuous | −0.02 | 0.9798 | 0.171 | (0.696, 1.38) |
| Decision to Spend Women Earning | Not-Involved (R) | ||||
| Involved | 0.265 | 1.304 | 0.483 | (0.631, 2.69) | |
| Region | Punjab (R) | ||||
| Sindh | 1.035 | 2.816 *** | 0.705 | (1.72, 4.60) | |
| KPK | 0.564 | 1.758 *** | 0.453 | (1.06, 2.91) | |
| Balochistan | 1.103 | 3.012 *** | 0.798 | (1.79, 5.06) | |
| Gilgit Baltistan | −0.138 | 0.871 | 0.304 | (0.439, 1.72) | |
| ICT (Capital) | 0.0636 | 1.066 | 0.424 | (0.489, 2.32) | |
| AJK | 0.1358 | 1.145 | 0.38 | (0.598, 2.19) | |
| FATA | 0.1518 | 1.164 | 0.337 | (0.660, 2.05) | |
| Mother’s Education Level | Illiterate (R) | ||||
| Primary | −0.421 | 0.656 ** | 0.15 | (0.415, 1.04) | |
| Middle | −0.326 | 0.72 | 0.167 | (0.459, 1.14) | |
| High | −0.907 | 0.40 *** | 0.118 | (0.227, 0.72) | |
| Mother’s Working Status | Not-Employed (R) | ||||
| Employed | −0.021 | 0.9791 | 0.326 | (0.509, 1.88) | |
| Mother Body Mass Index | Less than 18.5 kg/m2 (R) | ||||
| ≥18.5 kg/m2 | −0.333 | 0.717 | 0.167 | (0.454, 1.13) | |
| Household Size | <5 members (R) | ||||
| 6–10 | 0.154 | 1.167 | 0.308 | (0.695, 1.96) | |
| 11–15 | 0.280 | 1.323 | 0.379 | (0.754, 2.32) | |
| Greater than 15 | 0.156 | 1.169 | 0.361 | (0.638, 2.14) | |
| Wealth Index | Poorest (R) | ||||
| Poorer | −0.118 | 0.889 | 0.178 | (0.599, 1.32) | |
| Middle | −0.293 | 0.746 | 0.186 | (0.458, 1.22) | |
| Richer | −0.545 | 0.579 ** | 0.159 | (0.338, 0.995) | |
| Richest | −0.91 | 0.403 *** | 0.125 | (0.219, 0.738) | |
| Had Diarrhea Recently | No (R) | ||||
| Yes | 0.389 | 1.475 *** | 0.244 | (1.07, 2.04) | |
| Source of Drinking Water | Un-Improved (R) | ||||
| Improved | −0.335 | 0.715 ** | 73.55 | (0.505, 1.01) | |
| Type of Sanitation Facility | Un-Improved (R) | ||||
| Improved | −0.372 | 0.689 *** | 0.098 | (0.521, 0.912) | |
| Water # Sanitation (interaction) | Un-Improved Water # Un-Improved Sanitation (R) | ||||
| Un-Impr-water # Impr-sanit | −0.068 | 0.934 | 0.238 | (0.57, 1.54) | |
| Impr-water # Un-Impr-sanit | 0.203 | 1.23 | 0.276 | (0.79, 1.90) | |
| Impr-water # Impr-sanit | −0.308 | 0.735 ** | 0.137 | (0.51, 1.06) | |
| Model Overall Significance | |||||
| Number of observations = 1010 | Prob > Chi2 = 0.0000 | ||||
| LR-Chi2(29) = 172.22 | Pseudo-R2 = 0.1238 | ||||
| References: Odd ratios; Confidence Intervals | |||||
| (R): shows the reference category | |||||
| Level of Significance: *** if p less than 0.01 ** if p less than 0.05 | |||||
Source: Authors’ estimations.