Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the study cohort
| Variable | Number of patients | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age, years | 57 | 51.9 (19.1–76.2) | |
| Gender female, n (%) | 57 | 25 (43.9) | |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 57 | 29.7 (22.5–52.9) | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 50 | 105 (81.0–143.0) | |
| Type 2 diabetes, n (%) | 57 | 12 (21.1) | |
| Metformin use, n (%) | 57 | 8 (14.0) | |
| Arterial hypertension, n (%) | 57 | 32 (56.1) | |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 57 | 33 (57.9) | |
| Statin use, n (%) | 57 | 9 (15.8) | |
| Proton pump inhibitor use, n (%) | 57 | 5 (8.8) | |
| Genetics | |||
| PNPLA3 p.148IM (CG), n (%) | 57 | 23 (40.4) | |
| PNPLA3 p.148MM (GG), n (%) | 57 | 10 (17.5) | |
| Laboratory parameters | |||
| AST, U/L | 56 | 32.0 (17.0–143.0) | |
| ALT, U/L | 56 | 47.5 (16.0–232.0) | |
| GGT, U/L | 56 | 71.5 (14.0–660.0) | |
| Alkaline phosphatase, U/L | 56 | 74.0 (43.0–160.0) | |
| Bilirubin, mg/dL | 56 | 0.5 (0.2–2.1) | |
| Albumin, g/L | 56 | 45.0 (38.0–51.0) | |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 56 | 159.0 (29.0–1104.0) | |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 56 | 184.0 (86.0–329.0) | |
| HDL cholesterol mg/dL | 54 | 45.5 (21.0–88.0) | |
| LDL cholesterol mg/dL | 52 | 112.5 (15.0–247.0) | |
| Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 56 | 95.5 (63.0–196.0) | |
| HbA1c, % | 52 | 5.4 (4.7–8.0) | |
| Alpha-fetoprotein kU/L | 53 | 6.0 (2.0–12.0) | |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 56 | 0.9 (0.5–1.4) | |
| Urea, mg/dL | 56 | 29.0 (12.0–47.0) | |
| Uric acid, mg/dL | 56 | 6.1 (1.9–10.8) | |
| Ferritin, μg/L | 56 | 217.5 (17.0–1701.0) | |
| Platelet count, x1E9/L | 56 | 213.5 (60.0–386.0) | |
| INR | 56 | 1.0 (0.9–2.0) | |
| Liver histology data | Scoring | Number (%) | |
| Grade of steatosis, n (%) | 0 | <5% | 0 (0.0) |
| 1 | 5%–33% | 17 (29.8) | |
| 2 | >33%–66% | 24 (42.1) | |
| 3 | >66% | 16 (28.1) | |
| Ballooning, n (%) | 0 | none | 18 (31.6) |
| 1 | few balloon cells | 25 (43.9) | |
| 2 | prominent ballooning | 14 (24.6) | |
| Grade of inflammation, n (%) | 0 | no foci | 11 (19.3) |
| 1 | <2 foci | 28 (49.1) | |
| 2 | 2–4 foci | 18 (31.6) | |
| 3 | >4 foci | 0 (0) | |
| NAFLD activity score | 1 | 2 (3.5) | |
| 2 | 8 (14.0) | ||
| 3 | 15 (26.3) | ||
| 4 | 10 (17.5) | ||
| 5 | 9 (15.8) | ||
| 6 | 9 (15.8) | ||
| 7 | 4 (7.0) | ||
| 8 | 0 (0) | ||
| Stage of fibrosis, n (%) | 0 | None | 16 (28.1) |
| 1 | Perisinusoidal or periportal | 18 (31.6) | |
| 2 | Perisinusoidal and portal/periportal | 13 (22.8) | |
| 3 | Bridging fibrosis | 3 (5.3) | |
| 4 | Cirrhosis | 7 (12.3) |
Values are presented as median and range in parentheses. The number of patients with available data for this variable is indicated in the second column.
ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; GGT, gamma-glutamyl-transferase; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; INR, international normalized ratio; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; NAS, NAFLD activity score; PNPLA3, patatin like phospholipase domain containing protein 3.