Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of groups studied in the 1st trimester.
| NGT | GDM | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 24 | 24 | |
| Age (years) | 28 (26-31.5) | 26 (24-30.5) | 0.36 |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | 21.8 (20.0-28.2) | 23.5 (21.6-26.8) | 0.73 |
| Gestational age (week) | 11 (10-12) | 10 (9.5-11) | 0.24 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dl) | 86 (84-88) | 87.5 (85-90) | 0.29 |
| Fasting insulin (µU/ml) | 10.7 (9.1-12.9) | 11.3 (10.2-13.3) | 0.25 |
| HOMA-IR | 2.3 (1.9-2.8) | 2.5 (2.1-2.9) | 0.18 |
| HOMA-β | 168.0 (145.5-187.5) | 166.5 (146.9-201.0) | 0.97 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.0 (4.9-5.4) | 5.0 (4.9-5.4) | 0.98 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 170 (149.5-191.5) | 169.5 (156.5-186) | 0.81 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l) | 81 (69.5-90.5) | 73.5 (59.5-84.5) | 0.19 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mmol/l) | 78.2 (64.3-91.6) | 81 (64.9-95.3) | 0.78 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 72 (60.5-109.5) | 95.5 (68.5-118) | 0.14 |
Data are shown as medians (interquartile range); The difference between NGT vs GDM group was compared with the Mann-Whitney U-test.