Figure 1.

Schematic of the light pattern addressable microbubble generation and its applications in acoustic wavefront control. Left: the light pattern is projected on the silicon wafer to locally increase its conductivity, and thus generates microbubble patterns based on electrochemical reactions. Right: The microbubble pattern modulates the incident plane acoustic waves into acoustic foci or generates an acoustic phase gradient, as the microbubbles have a significant acoustic impedance mismatch with the surrounding liquids.