Table 1.
Estimated costs of new persons with skin cancers in Australia and New Zealand, 2021.
| NSW | VIC | QLD | WA | SA | TAS | NT | ACT | AUST. ($AU) | NZ ($NZ) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Est. 2021 population (million) | 8.2 | 6.7 | 5.2 | 1.8 | 2.7 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 25.7 | 5.1 |
| Melanoma | ||||||||||
| Melanoma incidence 1 per 100,000 persons | 61.1 | 51.0 | 81.1 | 62.0 | 46.4 | 58.5 | 54.7 | 56.5 | 62.4 | 62.4 |
| Est. no. persons with invasive melanoma | 5000 | 3404 | 4222 | 1100 | 1242 | 317 | 135 | 244 | 16,878 | 3197 |
| Est. no. persons with in situ melanoma | 5000 | 3404 | 4222 | 1100 | 1242 | 317 | 135 | 244 | 16,878 | 3197 |
| Annual mean cost per melanoma (all stages) | $11,787 | $8001 | ||||||||
| Total cost for melanoma (million) | $117.9 | $80.2 | $99.5 | $25.9 | $29.3 | $7.5 | $3.2 | $5.8 | $397.9 | $51.2 |
| Keratinocyte cancers | ||||||||||
| Incidence of KC per 100,000 persons (lesion-based) 2 | 2799 | 1638 | 6174 | 2055 | 2620 | 133 | 174 | 148 | 3154 | 2165 |
| Estimated no. persons with KC 3 (1000) | 229.2 | 109.3 | 321.4 | 36.5 | 70.1 | 0.722 | 0.429 | 0.639 | 812.1 | 110.9 |
| Mean cost per KC to Aust/NZ Govt | $525 | $1167 | ||||||||
| Total cost for KC to Medicare (million) | $120.3 | $57.4 | $168.7 | $19.1 | $36.8 | $0.4 | $0.2 | $0.3 | $426.2 | $129.4 |
| Total annual cost of skin cancer (million) | $238.2 | $137.6 | $268.2 | $45.1 | $66.1 | $7.9 | $3.4 | $6.1 | $824.0 | $180.5 |
1 Invasive melanoma, estimated counts (16,878), and age-adjusted incidence (62.4) in Australia in 2021, predicted from AIHW 2021 Cancer Data in Australia. State numbers are estimated. NZ assumed same rate. 2 NZ estimate is crude rate per 100,000 in 2013 population (Sneyd 2018), and Aust. estimates are age-standardised per 100,000 to Aust. Std population (Pandeya 2017). 3 Both are lesion-based incidence rates. Estimated persons with KC in NZ in 2018 was 90,400, but this was stated to be an underestimate (Sneyd 2018). Estimated persons with KC in Australia in the above table equates to 3% prevalence of all persons in a given year. Notes: Population size: estimates were from Australian Bureau Statistics (17/6/21) with 0.3% growth each year, and NZStats with 0.64% growth each year. Melanoma incidence: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) 2021 Cancer Data in Australia; Canberra: AIHW (https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/cancer/cancer-data-in-australia accessed on 18 November 2021) by state and projections for 2021; assumed the same for NZ based on IARC Global Cancer Observatory with same rates for NZ and Australia. No. of cases in NZ in 2015 was ~2500. Estimated in situ cases: 50% of all melanoma cases or 1:1 incidence rate ratio. KC incidence: Australia from Pandeya et al. (2017) Med J Aust.; NZ from Sneyd, M.J., and Gray, A. (2018). Expected non-melanoma skin (keratinocytic) cancer incidence in New Zealand for 2018. Wellington: Health Promotion Agency. Average costs per melanoma and per KC: Calculated from Australia and NZ modelling of pathways of care in this study.