Table 5.

Studies recruiting disease-related subjects.

Authors (Year)	Design	QACIS Score	Participants	Creatine Dose (g/day)	Duration (Days)	Training Exercise	Evaluation Exercise	Outcome Measures (Muscle-Related)	Main Findings (Muscle-Related)
Domingues et al. [36]	RP DB	85.71	29 symptomatic PAD males/females 64 ± 8 years old	4 × 5 g × 7 days 5 g × 49 days	56	N/A	Six min walk test	Functional capacity (total walking distance) was assessed by the six min walk test Calf muscle StO2 was assessed through near-infrared spectroscopy	No significant differences were found for function capacity (PL: Pre 389 ± 123 m vs. post-loading 413 ± 131 m vs. post-maintenance 382 ± 99 m; CR: Pre 373 ± 149 m vs. post-loading 390 ± 115 m vs. post-maintenance 369 ± 115 m, p = 0.170) and the calf muscle StO2 parameters (p > 0.05)
Dover et al. [37]	RC DB	85.71	13 juvenile dermatomyositis males/females 13 (7–14) years old	< 40 kg → 0.15 g/kg > 40 kg → 4.69 g/m2	28–180	N/A	Wingate anaerobic test Cycle ergometer submaximal test to measure aerobic capacity Maximal jump test Handgrip strength test	Muscle function Aerobic capacity Muscle strength Fatigue Physical activity Quality of life assessed by questionnaires	No significant changes in muscle function, strength, aerobic capacity, disease activity, fatigue, physical activity or quality of life in CR vs. PL No significant adverse effects

RP: randomized parallel; RC: randomized crossover; DB: double blind; PAD: peripheral arterial disease; N/A: not applicable; CR: creatine; PL: placebo.