Table 1.

Summary the AChEI drugs approved by FDA.

Classification	Name	Property	Reported Correlation with AD	Adverse Reaction	References
First generation	Tacrine	Reversibility, Lipid solubility	Inhibits AChE in plasma and tissues. Promotes ACh release through M1 receptor.	Hepatotoxicity	[106]
Second generation	Donepezil	Reversibility, High selectivity	The only inhibitor that can act on both the peripheral and central catalytic sites of AChE. Increases the concentration of AChE by reversibly inhibiting the ACh hydrolysis induced by AChE. Increases the protein levels of PINK 1, NFASC, MYLK2 and NRAS in the hippocampus.	Nausea, Vomiting Diarrhea Fatigue	[102]
Second generation	Rivastigmine	Reversibility	Guides APP treatment away from BACE1 and toward A secretase. Increases the concentration of AChE by reversibly inhibiting the ACh hydrolysis induced by AChE.	Dizziness Vertigo Upper respiratory tract infection	[21,105]
Second generation	Galantamine	Reversibility	Allosteric activation effect on nicotinic ACh receptors. Activates MARK, PI3K and other cell signal transduction pathways to play an anti-inflammatory effect. Promotes the release of neurotransmitters associated with glutamate, norepinephrine and memory and mood. Protects nerves against oxidative damage caused by hydrogen peroxide.	Salivation Bradycardia Dizziness Abdominal pain	[107,108]