Table 6.
The most common pDDIs in patients with MS.
| Total Amount (N = 627) |
Total Polypharmacy | Rx Polypharmacy | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drug 1 | Drug 2 | pDDI Severity | Amount in PwP (N = 334) |
Amount in Pw/oP (N = 293) | Amount in PwP (N = 242) |
Amount in Pw/oP (N = 385) | |
| pDDIs of non-DMDs | |||||||
| Cholecalciferol | Magnesium | mild | 36 (5.7%) | 30 (9.0%) | 6 (2.0%) | 15 (6.2%) | 21 (5.5%) |
| Cyanocobalamin | Pantoprazole | mild | 27 (4.3%) | 25 (7.5%) | 2 (0.7%) | 23 (9.5%) | 4 (1.0%) |
| Calcium | Cholecalciferol | mild | 26 (4.1%) | 25 (7.5%) | 1 (0.3%) | 22 (9.1%) | 4 (1.0%) |
| Levothyroxine | Pantoprazole | mildly moderate | 23 (3.7%) | 22 (6.6%) | 1 (0.3%) | 22 (9.1%) | 1 (0.3%) |
| Acetylsalicylic acid | Enoxaparin | moderate | 21 (3.3%) | 20 (6.0%) | 1 (0.3%) | 19 (7.9%) | 2 (0.5%) |
| Cholecalciferol | Simvastatin | mild | 20 (3.2%) | 19 (5.7%) | 1 (0.3%) | 19 (7.9%) | 1 (0.3%) |
| Baclofen | Fampridine | mild | 20 (3.2%) | 19 (5.7%) | 1 (0.3%) | 17 (7.0%) | 3 (0.8%) |
| Cholecalciferol | Prednisolone | mild | 18 (2.9%) | 18 (5.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 15 (6.2%) | 3 (0.8%) |
| Pantoprazole | Torasemide | mild | 18 (2.9%) | 18 (5.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 18 (7.4%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Cyanocobalamin | Folic acid | mild | 17 (2.7%) | 12 (3.6%) | 5 (1.7%) | 8 (3.3%) | 9 (2.3%) |
| pDDIs of DMDs incl. methylprednisolone | |||||||
| Acetylsalicylic acid | Methylprednisolone | moderate | 21 (3.3%) | 20 (6.0%) | 1 (0.3%) | 19 (7.9%) | 2 (0.5%) |
| Ibuprofen | Methylprednisolone | mildly moderate | 14 (2.2%) | 13 (3.9%) | 1 (0.3%) | 13 (5.4%) | 1 (0.3%) |
| Methylprednisolone | Ramipril | mild | 12 (1.9%) | 12 (3.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 12 (5.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Citalopram | Methylprednisolone | moderately severe | 10 (1.6%) | 10 (3.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 10 (4.1%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Methylprednisolone | Torasemide | mild | 10 (1.6%) | 10 (3.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 10 (4.1%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Dipyrone | Methylprednisolone | moderate | 9 (1.4%) | 9 (2.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 9 (3.7%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Methylprednisolone | Solifenacin | mildly moderate | 9 (1.4%) | 9 (2.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 8 (3.3%) | 1 (0.3%) |
| Citalopram | Fingolimod | moderately severe | 7 (1.1%) | 5 (1.5%) | 2 (0.7%) | 3 (1.2%) | 4 (1.0%) |
| Mitoxantrone | Ondansetron | mildly moderate | 7 (1.1%) | 4 (1.2%) | 3 (1.0%) | 3 (1.2%) | 4 (1.0%) |
| Interferon beta-1a | Ramipril | mildly moderate | 7 (1.1%) | 5 (1.5%) | 2 (0.7%) | 4 (1.7%) | 3 (0.8%) |
Shown are the 10 most frequently detected interactions with and without the involvement of DMDs. The level of severity of pDDIs was assessed based on MediQ and Stockley’s drug interaction checker. Total polypharmacy = intake of at least five drugs (of any kind). Rx polypharmacy = intake of at least five drugs that were prescribed (neglecting OTC drugs). DMD—disease-modifying drug for the treatment of MS; MS—multiple sclerosis; N—number of patients; pDDI—potential drug–drug interaction; PwP—patients with polypharmacy; Pw/oP—patients without polypharmacy; Rx—prescription.