Table 1.
The details of each study.
| Authors’ name | Year | Country | No. of participants | Age | PDE5I-response or not | LI-ESWT setup | Control setup | Methodology | Follow-up time | Outcome indicators |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baccaglini et al. | 2019 | Brazil | 77 | 64.6 ± 5.3 | NA | • Energy density: 0.09 mJ/mm2
• Frequency: 5 Hz • Pulse: 600 pulses/treatment • RENOVA® electromagnetic device |
NA | • One treatment/week • 8 weeks treatment |
• 1 month | • IIEF variation scores |
| Fojecki et al. | 2016 | Denmark | 118 | 64.4 ± 8.4 | Yes | • Energy density: 0.09 mJ/mm2
• Frequency: 5 Hz • Pulse: 600 pulses/treatment • FBL10, Richard-Wolf GmbH |
With a gel pad that prevent the passage of energy | • One treatment/week • 5 weeks treatment |
• 1 month | • EHS response rate • IIEF variation scores |
| Kalyvianakis et al. | 2017 | Greece | 46 | 54 (31–72) | Yes | • Energy density: 0.09 mJ/mm2
• Frequency: 2 Hz • Pulse: 1,500 pulses/treatment • Omnispec ED1000 |
With an element that block delivery of shockwaves | • Two treatments/week • 3 weeks treatment • 3 weeks no treatment • 3 weeks treatment |
• 1 month • 3 months • 6 months |
• IIEF variation scores |
| Kim et al. | 2019 | Korea | 81 | 64.2 ± 6.6 | NA | • Energy density: 20 mJ/mm2
• 15 mJ/mm2 • 12 mJ/mm2 • Frequency: 5 Hz • Pulse: 3000 pulses/treatment • MT 2000H |
Sham treatment without delivering any energy | • Two treatments/week • 3 weeks treatment • 3 weeks no treatment • 3 weeks treatment |
• 1 month • 2 months |
• EHS response rate • IIEF variation scores |
| Kitrey et al. | 2015 | Israel | 55 | 62 (28–81) | No | • Energy density: 0.09 mJ/mm2
• Frequency: 2 Hz • Pulse: 1,500 pulses/treatment • Omnispec ED1000 |
Sham treatment without delivering any energy | • Two treatments/week • 3 weeks treatment • 3 weeks no treatment • 3 weeks treatment |
• 1 month | • EHS response rate • IIEF variation scores |
| Ladegaard et al. | 2021 | Denmark | 38 | 62.5 ± 5.8 | Yes | • Energy density: 0.15 mJ/mm2
• Frequency: 5 Hz • Pulse: 4000 pulses/treatment • Duolith SD1 |
With a sham pad that prevent shockwaves | • One treatment/week • 5 weeks treatment |
• 1 month • 3 months |
• IIEF variation scores |
| Olsen et al. | 2015 | Denmark | 105 | 60 (37–80) | Yes | • Energy density: 0.15 mJ/mm2
• Frequency: 5 Hz • Pulse: 3,000 pulses/treatment • Duolith SD1 |
With a cap used to prevent LI-ESWT | • One treatment/week • 5 weeks treatment |
• 1 month • 3 months • 6 months |
• EHS response rate |
| Ortac et al. | 2021 | Turkey | 66 | 41 ± 10.7 | NA | • Energy density: 0.2 mJ/mm2
• Frequency: 5 Hz • Pulse: 3,000 pulses/treatment • Duolith SD1 |
With a shock wave absorbent material | • One treatment/week • 4 weeks treatment |
• 3 months • 6 months |
• IIEF variation scores • SEP2 response rate • SEP3 response rate |
| Shendy et al. | 2021 | Egypt | 42 | 48 ± 5.6 | Yes | • Energy density: 0.09 mJ/mm2
• Pulse: 3,000 pulses/treatment • Duolith SD1 |
With an element that blocked the delivery of shock waves | • Two treatments/week • 3 weeks treatment • 3 weeks no treatment • 3 weeks treatment |
• 3 months | • IIEF variation scores |
| Sramkova et al. | 2019 | Czech | 60 | 54.3 ± 9.2 | Yes | • Energy density: 0.16 mJ/mm2
• Richard Wolf GmbH |
With a gel head that blocked shockwaves | • Two treatments/week • 4 weeks treatment |
• 1 month • 3 months |
• IIEF variation scores • SEP2 response rate • SEP3 response rate |
| Srini et al. | 2015 | India | 77 | Not mentioned | Yes | • Energy density: 0.09 mJ/mm2
• Frequency: 2 Hz • Pulse: 1,500 pulses/treatment • Omnispec ED1000 |
With a metal plate to block the transmission of the shockwave energy | • Two treatments/week • 3 weeks treatment • 3 weeks no treatment • 3 weeks treatment |
• 1 month • 3 months • 6 months • 9 month • 12 months |
• EHS response rate • IIEF variation scores |
| Vardi et al. | 2012 | Israel | 60 | 57 (27–77) | Yes | • Energy density: 0.09 mJ/mm2
• Frequency: 5 Hz • Pulse: 1,500 pulses/treatment • Omnispec ED1000 |
With a metal plate that prevented the shock wave energy | • Two treatments/week • 3 weeks treatment • 3 weeks no treatment • 3 weeks treatment |
• 1 month | • EHS response rate • IIEF variation scores |
| Vinay et al. | 2020 | Spain | 76 | 60 (53–66) | No | • Energy density: 0.09 mJ/mm2
• Frequency: 2 Hz • Pulse: 5,000 pulses/treatment • RENOVA® electromagnetic device |
With a probe that did not generate shockwaves | • One treatment/week • 4 weeks treatment |
• 1 month • 3 months • 6 months |
• EHS response rate • IIEF variation scores • SEP2 response rate • SEP3 response rate |
| Yamaçake et al. | 2018 | Brazil | 20 | 54 (46–61) | NA | • Energy density: 0.09 mJ/mm2
• Pulse: 2,000 pulses/treatment • Swiss Dolorclast |
With a probe that emitted 0 energy | • Two treatments/week • 3 weeks treatment |
• 1 month • 3 months |
• IIEF variation scores |
| Yee et al. | 2014 | China | 58 | 61.0 ± 7.3 | Yes | • Energy density: 0.09 mJ/mm2
• Frequency: 2 Hz • Pulse: 1,500 pulses/treatment • Omnispec ED1000 |
The energy setting was 0 during each treatment | • Two treatments/week • 3 weeks treatment • 3 weeks no treatment • 3 weeks treatment |
• 1 month | • IIEF variation scores |
| Zewin et al. | 2018 | Egypt | 85 | 52.1 ± 6.8 | NA | • Energy density: 0.09 mJ/mm2
• Frequency: 2 Hz • Pulse: 1,500 pulses/treatment • Dornier Aries device |
Without any therapy | • Two treatments/week • 3 weeks treatment • 3 weeks no treatment • 3 weeks treatment |
• 3 months • 6 months |
• EHS response rate • IIEF variation scores |
Note. PDE5I = phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor; LI-ESWT = low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy; NA = not available; IIEF = International Index of Erectile Function; EHS = Erectile Hardness Score.