Table 5.
Clinical. biochemical. and imaging data of patients included in the study.
| Patient No |
Sex, Age | Neuroimaging (CT, MR) | CSF Results | Antibodies | Metabolic Abnormalities of CNS | PET/CT Abnormalities |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cerebellar Degeneration | ||||||
| 1. | F. 88 | Brain MRI: nonspecific vascular demyelination; no clinical relevance | Cytosis 0.005 × 103/uL (0–0.005 × 103/uL) Protein 48.5 mg/dL (20.00–40.00) oligoclonal bands: positive |
anti-Yo | none | metabolically active area in the pylorus and metabolically active lymph node next to the pylorus SUV max 7.8 |
| 2. | F. 83 | Brain MRI: leukoaraiosis around lateral ventricles. nonspecific vascular demyelination. moderate cortical artrophy—mainly posterior. bilateral hyperintense changes in the thalami and caudate nuclei on diffusion weighted imaging (DWI). |
Cytosis 0.004 × 103/uL (0–0.005 × 103/uL) Protein 34.8 mg/dL (20.00–40.00) oligoclonal bands: negative |
anti-NMDA. anti-Yo | Generalized cortico-subcortical atrophy of the brain. | metabolically active lymph nodes in the mediastinum and chest—suspection of lymphoma SUV max 10.5 |
| 3. | M. 66 | Brain MRI: not performed (due to contraindications) Brain CT: normal |
Cytosis 0.006 × 103/uL (0–0.005 × 103/uL) Protein 40.6 mg/dL (20.00–40.00) oligoclonal bands: positive |
not detected | not detected | metabolically active tumor in the transverse colon SUV max 5.0 |
| Autoimmune Encephalitis | ||||||
| 4. | F. 32 | Brain MRI: normal | Cytosis 0.018 × 103/uL (0–0.005 × 103/uL) Protein 26.3 mg/dL (20.00–40.00) oligoclonal bands: negative |
anti-NMDA | none | increased metabolism of FDG in the topography of numerous lesions in both lungs SUV max up to 7.5 |
| 5. | M. 30 | Brain MRI: demyelinating lesions located bilaterally in the white matter of the frontal and parietal lobe, in the periventricular and subcortical areas. | Cytosis 0.002 × 103/uL (0–0.005 × 103/uL) Protein 47.2 mg/dL (20.00–40.00) oligoclonal bands: negative |
anti-NMDA | none | not significant |
| 6. | F. 74 | Brain MRI: epidermal cysts located anteriorly from the medulla oblongata, on the left side; numerous demyelinating lesions located in the white matter of the centrum semiovale, periventricular and paraventricular areas; numerous, small signalless zones on Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging (SWI) which correspond to the presence of haemosiderin deposits—after microchemorrhages | Cytosis 0.002 × 103/uL (0–0.005 × 103/uL) Protein 37.3 mg/dL (20.00–40.00) oligoclonal bands: positive |
anti-NMDA | cortical-subcortical atrophy of the brain | not significant |
| Myasthenia Gravis | ||||||
| 7. | F. 79 | Brain MRI: nonspecific vascular demyelination; no clinical relevance | not performed | anti-AChR | areas of porencephaly with decreased FDG metabolism | not significant |
| Myelitis | ||||||
| 8. | F. 70 | Brain MRI: leukoaraiosis around lateral ventricles; few. small changes with increased signal in T2 in the radial corona radiata in the frontal lobes; moderate cortical atrophy of the brain and cerebellum. Cervical Spine MRI: The zone of increased signal in the T2 sequences dependent on the central part of the spinal cord. extending from the C2 / C3 to C6 / C7 level |
Cytosis 0.008 × 103/uL (0–0.005 × 103/uL) Protein 74 mg/dL (20.00–40.00) oligoclonal bands: negative |
anti-AQP4 | none | moderately metabolic active tumour in segment 4/5 of the right lung. SUV max 3.5 |
| Polyneuropathy | ||||||
| 9. | M. 59 | Brain MRI: not performed. Brain CT: normal |
not performed | not detected | none | metabolically active tumor in the apex of the left lung with the involvement of homonymous mediastinal lymph nodes—SUV max 9.4 |
| 10. | F. 56 | MRI: not performed. Brain CT: normal |
not performed | not detected | none | not significant |
| 11. | F. 73 | Brain MRI: not performed. Brain CT: normal |
Cytosis 0.003 × 103/uL (0–0.005 × 103/uL) Protein 144.1 mg/dL (20.00–40.00) oligoclonal bands: negative |
anti-PNMA2 (Ma2/Ta) anti-CV2.1 | None | metabolically active cervical lymph node and a metabolically active soft tissue mass in the lower part of the neck and in the upper mediastinum SUV max 5.7 |
| 12. | M. 69 | Brain MRI: nonspecific vascular demyelination; no clinical relevance. | not performed | anti-PNMA2 (Ma2/Ta) | none | not significant |
| 13. | M. 65 | Brain MRI: nonspecific vascular demyelination; no clinical relevance. | Cytosis 0.002 × 103/uL (0–0.005 × 103/uL) Protein 187 mg/dL (20.00–40.00) oligoclonal bands: negative |
not detected | none | lesion in the 1 + 2 segment of left lung SUV max 2.2 |
| Primary Angiitis of Central Nervous System | ||||||
| 14. | M. 38 | Brain MRI: disseminated demyelinating lesions located in the cortico-subcortical area of the right insula. bilaterally in the corona radiata. and single irregular lesions with cortico-subcortical distribution. | Cytosis 0.004 × 103/uL (0–0.005 × 103/uL) Protein 38.2 mg/dL (20.00–40.00) oligoclonal bands: negative |
anti-Yo | none | nonspecific segmental metabolic stimulation in the loops of the small intestine SUV max 7.7 |
| Motor Neuron Disease | ||||||
| 15. | F. 67 | Cervival Spine MRI: multi-level discopathy without pressure on the surrounding nerve roots. | Cytosis 0.001 × 103/uL (0–0.005 × 103/uL) Protein 67.96 mg/dL (20.00–40.00) oligoclonal bands: negative |
anti-Yo | none | not significant |