| PGP | Panax genus plant |
| SMD | standardized mean difference |
| PICOS | participant, intervention, comparison, and outcomes |
| SD | standard deviation |
| CI | confidence interval |
| PRISMA | preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses |
| RCT | randomized controlled trial |
| RevMan 5 | Review Manager 5.3 |
| GRADE | grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluations |
| VO2max | maximal oxygen uptake |
| IL | interleukin |
| TNFα | tumor necrosis factor α |
| mRNA | messenger ribonucleic acid |
| PGC-1 | peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 |
| IKs channel | intermediate-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel |
| eNOS | endothelial nitric oxide synthase |
| AMSTER | a measurement tool to assess systematic reviews |
| PI3 kinase/Akt | Phosphoinositide 3-kinase/RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase |
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