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Quality assessment of the included studies.
| Study | Representativeness of the Study | Blinding of Outcome Assessment | Selective Reporting | Incomplete Outcome Data | Measurement Methods | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nachemson 1964 | * | - | * | * | * | 4 |
| Nachemson 1965 | * | - | * | * | * | 4 |
| Okushima 1970 | * | - | * | * | * | 4 |
| Nachemson 1970 | * | - | * | * | * | 4 |
| Rohlmann 1999 | * | - | * | * | * | 4 |
| Sato 1999 | * | - | * | - | * | 3 |
| Wilke 2001 | - | - | * | * | * | 3 |
| Rohlmann 2008 | * | - | * | * | * | 4 |
| Dreischarf 2010 | * | - | * | * | * | 4 |
| Rohlmann 2013 | * | - | * | * | * | 4 |
