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Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Evolution of physico-chemical properties of flat PDMS surfaces, prior to hydrophilization (red) and subsequently, i.e., during hydrophobic recovery (blue). (a) contact angle; (b) roughness; (c) force modulation; and (d) lateral force.