| ACE2 | Angiotensin II receptor |
| ALI | Acute lung injury |
| ARDS | Acute respiratory distress syndrome |
| BSAAs | Broad-spectrum antiviral agents |
| CCTI | Chest computer tomography image |
| CDC | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| CDSCO | Central Drugs Standard Control Organization |
| COVID-19 | Coronavirus Disease 2019 |
| CPE | Cytopathic effects |
| CRS | Cytokine release syndrome |
| CS | “Cytokine storm” |
| CT | Computed tomography |
| CXI | Chest X-ray image |
| DABK | Bradykinin metabolite [des-Arg973] BK |
| DCGI | Drugs Controller General of India |
| EGCG | Epigallocatechin gallate |
| ECDC | European Centre for Disease Prevention |
| EMA | European Medicines Agency |
| EUA | Emergency Use Authorization |
| FBSED | Fourier-Bessel series expansion-based decomposition |
| FDA | Food and Drug Administration |
| GBS | Guillain-Barre syndrome |
| GCG | Gallocatechingallate |
| GISAID | Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data |
| HDIVC | High-dose intravenous vitamin C |
| hERG | Human ether-ago-go-related gene |
| HRQoL | Health-related quality of life |
| HZ | Herpes zoster |
| IFNAR | Human interferon alpha-receptor |
| IFN | Interferon |
| IgY | Immunoglobulin Y |
| IL | Interleukin |
| IVM | Ivermectin |
| LQTS | Long QT syndrome |
| MDR | Multidrug resistance |
| MFDS | Ministry of Food and Drug Safety |
| MHLW | Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare |
| Mpro | Main protease |
| NLR | Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio |
| NMPA | National Medical Products Administration |
| NRA | National Regulatory Agency |
| PARP1 | Poly-ADP-ribose polymerase 1 |
| PCS | Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome |
| PMDA | Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency |
| RBD | Receptor-binding domain |
| RdRp | RNA-dependent RNA polymerase |
| RT-PCR | Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction |
| SARS-CoV-2 | Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 |
| TGA | Therapeutic Goods Administration |
| TNF-α | Tumor necrosis factor-α |
| VEGF | Vascular endothelial growth factor |
| VOCs | Variants of concern |
| VOIs | Variants of interest |
| VST | Venous sinus thrombosis |
| VZV | Varicella zoster virus |
| WHO | World Health Organization |