Table 1.
A comparison between patients who had high preoperative anxiety and low preoperative anxiety in the demographic data.
| Characteristics | Anxiety Level * | Total (n = 794) |
p Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low Anxiety (n = 555) |
High Anxiety (n = 239) |
||||
| Demographic data | |||||
| Age (years) | 46.5 ± 16.1 | 41.2 ± 15.4 | 44.9 ± 16.1 | <0.001 | |
| Gender | Male | 255 (45.9) | 60 (25.1) | 315 (39.7) | <0.001 |
| Female | 300 (54.1) | 179 (74.9) | 479 (60.3) | ||
| Marital status | Married | 440 (79.3) | 170 (71.1) | 610 (76.8) | 0.079 |
| Single | 93 (16.8) | 55 (23.0) | 148 (18.6) | ||
| Widow | 15 (2.7) | 8 (3.3) | 23 (2.9) | ||
| Divorced | 7 (1.3) | 6 (2.5) | 13 (1.6) | ||
| Educational level | Illiterate | 11 (2.0) | 1 (0.4) | 12 (1.5) | 0.134 |
| Primary school | 41 (7.4) | 10 (4.2) | 51 (6.4) | ||
| Secondary school | 174 (31.4) | 70 (29.3) | 244 (30.7) | ||
| Middle school | 48 (8.6) | 21 (8.8) | 69 (8.7) | ||
| Bachelors/college or higher | 281 (50.6) | 137 (57.3) | 418 (52.6) | ||
| Employment status | Unemployed | 267 (48.1) | 117 (49.0) | 384 (48.4) | 0.827 |
| Employed | 288 (51.9) | 122 (51.0) | 410 (51.6) | ||
| Occupation field (n = 410) | Non-medical field | 262 (91.0) | 105 (86.1) | 367 (89.5) | 0.138 |
| Medical field | 26 (9.0) | 17 (13.9) | 43 (10.5) | ||
| Residency | Capital city | 331 (59.6) | 144 (60.3) | 475 (59.8) | 0.872 |
| Governorates | 224 (40.4) | 95 (39.7) | 319 (40.2) | ||
| Monthly income | Less than 500 JOD | 288 (51.9) | 125 (52.3) | 413 (52.0) | 0.903 |
| 500–1000 JOD | 215 (38,7) | 94 (39.3) | 309 (38.9) | ||
| More than 1000 JOD | 52 (9.4) | 20 (8.4) | 72 (9.1) | ||
| Anesthetic and surgical history | |||||
| Type of upcoming surgery | Minor surgical procedure | 309 (55.7) | 123 (51.5) | 432 (54.4) | 0.274 |
| Major surgical procedure | 246 (44.3) | 116 (48.5) | 362 (45.6) | ||
| Type of upcoming anesthesia | General | 468 (84.3) | 208 (87.0) | 676 (85.1) | 0.326 |
| Regional/neuraxial | 87 (15.7) | 31 (13.0) | 118 (14.9) | ||
| Surgical discipline | Cardiac and vascular surgery | 21 (3.8) | 12 (5.0) | 33 (4.2) | 0.056 |
| Endocrine surgery | 11 (2.0) | 6 (2.5) | 17 (2.1) | ||
| Gastrointestinal surgery | 92 (16.6) | 45 (18.8) | 137 (17.3) | ||
| Neurological surgery | 38 (6.8) | 15 (6.3) | 53 (6.7) | ||
| Gynecological and obstetric surgeries | 108 (19.5) | 58 (24.3) | 166 (20.9) | ||
| Oncological surgery | 5 (0.9) | 5 (2.1) | 10 (1.3) | ||
| Orthopedics surgery | 79 (14.2) | 37 (15.5) | 116 (14.6) | ||
| Otolaryngology surgery | 51 (9.2) | 25 (10.5) | 76 (9.6) | ||
| Plastic surgery | 30 (5.4) | 10 (4.2) | 40 (5.0) | ||
| Urological surgery | 120 (21.6) | 26 (10.9) | 146 (18.4) | ||
| Previous history of surgery under anesthesia | 443 (79.8) | 169 (70.7) | 612 (77.1) | 0.005 | |
| Number of previous surgeries (n = 612) | One | 153 (34.5) | 66 (39.1) | 219 (35.8) | 0.191 |
| Two | 105 (23.7) | 46 (27.2) | 151 (24.7) | ||
| Three or more | 185 (41.8) | 57 (33.7) | 242 (39.5) | ||
| Previous history of surgical complications (n = 612) | 31 (7.0) | 17 (10.1) | 48 (7.8) | 0.208 | |
| Previous history of anesthetic complications (n = 612) | 18 (4.1) | 13 (7.7) | 31 (5.1) | 0.067 | |
| Family members or friends ever experienced any surgical complications | 28 (5.0) | 19 (7.9) | 47 (5.9) | 0.112 | |
| Family members or friends ever experienced any anesthetic complications | 16 (2.9) | 12 (5.0) | 28 (3.5) | 0.134 | |
| APAIS-A-T | 6.0 ± 2.2 | 14.3 ± 2.7 | 8.5 ± 4.5 | <0.001 | |
| APAIS-A-An | 2.7 ± 1.2 | 6.6 ± 2.7 | 3.9 ± 2.5 | <0.001 | |
| APAIS-A-Su | 3.3 ± 1.8 | 7.7 ± 2.2 | 4.6 ± 2.8 | <0.001 | |
| APAIS-I | 4.5 ± 2.8 | 7.0 ± 2.8 | 5.3 ± 3.0 | <0.001 | |
* Patients with Amsterdam preoperative anxiety and information scale about anesthesia and surgery total score <10 were considered as the low preoperative anxiety group, while patients with APAIS-A-T ≥11 were considered as the high preoperative anxiety group. Numbers are presented as number (percent) and mean ± standard deviation. JOD: Jordanian dinars; PAIS-A-T: Amsterdam preoperative anxiety and information scale about anesthesia and surgery total score; PAIS-A-An: APAIS anxiety about anesthesia score; APAIS-A-Su: APAIS anxiety about surgery score; APAIS-I: APAIS information score.