Figure 1.

Identification of 17 metabolites differentially expressed between urine of dogs with UC vs. control. (A) Nested Venn Diagram depicting the different types of metabolites identified as differentially expressed between the urine of dogs with urothelial carcinoma and control dogs. (B) Volcano plot depicting differentially expressed metabolites between UC and control groups. Red stars represent significantly downregulated metabolites (logFC ≤ −1.5 and adjusted p-value < 0.05) whereas green stars represent significantly upregulated metabolites (logFC ≥ 1.5 and adjusted p-value < 0.05). (C) Heatmap showing 17 differentially expressed metabolites in UC (right) vs. control (left) groups. These represent the final 17 metabolites after those related to treatment were removed. Complete Linkage was used as the clustering method with Spearman Rank correlation as a distance measurement method.