Table 2.
Differences between groups in psychiatric symptoms, social difficulties, adaptive functioning indexes, and personality traits, as measured by the SWAP-A
| School refusers (28) | Non–school refusers (75) | Z -test | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HAM-A (tot) | 21.39 ± 8.608 | 17.37 ± 9.818 | (-2.1) | 0.036 |
| HAM-D (tot) | 18.25 ± 6.937 | 14.53 ± 8.433 | (-2.15) | 0.031 |
| GAF | 51.39 ± 13.505 | 62.64 ± 13.294 | (-3.50) | < 0.001 |
| GAF_past year | 62.43 ± 15.029 | 69.37 ± 12.230 | (-2.24) | 0.025 |
| GFSS | 5.39 ± 1.370 | 6.27 ± 1.143 | (-3.01) | 0.003 |
| GFRS | 5.29 ± 1.410 | 6.24 ± 1.354 | (-3.05) | 0.002 |
| MRS (tot) | 4.21 ± 3.614 | 5.24 ± 6.067 | (-0.53) | 0.958 |
| PD Paranoid | 46.67 ± 5.712 | 45.90 ± 6.384 | (-0.77) | 0.441 |
| PD Schizoid | 47.53 ± 7.180 | 44.47 ± 6.371 | (-2.00) | 0.046 |
| PD Schizotypal | 48. 34 ± 5.719 | 45.88 ± 7.677 | (-2.12) | 0.034 |
| PD Antisocial | 48.04 ± 4.472 | 46.58 ± 6.503 | (-1.89) | 0.069 |
| PD Borderline | 48.91 ± 7.737 | 46.414 ± 8.202 | (-1.61) | 0.107 |
| PD Histrionic | 51.65 ± 7.226 | 49.56 ± 7.168 | (-1.47) | 0.141 |
| PD Narcissistic | 50.89 ± 8.114 | 48.84 ± 7.276 | (-1.13) | 0.258 |
| PD Avoidant | 48.33 ± 6.997 | 47.28 ± 7.380 | (-0.61) | 0.543 |
| PD Dependant | 48.62 ± 8.285 | 48.88 ± 7.234 | (-0.16) | 0.873 |
| PD Obsessive-Compulsive | 42.97 ± 5.073 | 42.94 ± 4.772 | (-0.18) | 0.859 |
| PD Health Functioning | 50.74 ± 7.817 | 56.73 ± 7.670 | (-3.25) | 0.001 |
| Q Health Index | 40.45 ± 7.855 | 45.62 ± 8.056 | (-3.15) | 0.002 |
| Q Antisocial-Psychopathic | 49.33 ± 5.662 | 48.05 ± 7.469 | (-1.19) | 0.236 |
| Q Emotionally Dysregulated | 58.42 ± 6.657 | 55.15 ± 7.877 | (-1.70) | 0.900 |
| Q Avoidant-constricted | 52.27 ± 9.884 | 49.22 ± 9.109 | (-1.53) | 0.126 |
| Q Narcissistic | 51.70 ± 7.990 | 49.27 ± 7.083 | (-1.57) | 0.116 |
| Q Histrionic | 50.23 ± 8.078 | 49.42 ± 7.026 | (-0.43) | 0.665 |
| Q Inhibited self-critical | 59.54 ± 12.532 | 60.28 ± 14.22 | (-0.35) | 0.730 |
Note. GAF: Global Assessment of Functioning, current score; GAF_past year: Global Assessment of Functioning, past year score; GFRS: Global Functioning Role Scale; GFSS: Global Functioning Social Scale; HAM-A (tot): Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety, total score; HAM-D (tot): Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, total score; MRS (tot): Maniac Rating Scale, total score; PD: Personality disorder according to the DSM-IV, assessed using the SWAP-A scale; Q: Q-Factor scores according to empirical features of personality, assessed using the SWAP-A scale.