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. 2022 Feb 25;8(3):228. doi: 10.3390/jof8030228

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Polyphenol biosynthetic pathway genes (HQT and CHS) and pathogenesis-related proteins’ (PR-1, PR-2, and PR-7) relative expression levels quantified by qRT-PCR as affected by various treatments including untreated plants (mock), TMV-treated plants (TMV), Trichoderma hamatum strain Th23 application (Th23), and T. hamatum strain Th23 application 48 h before TMV inoculation (Th23 + TMV). The mean values in each of the columns that begin with the same letter are not statistically different (p ≤ 0.05).