Table A1.
Timeline of biological effects of CBD reported in different pre-clinical experimental models of cancer in vitro.
| Time | Model | Effect | CBD Concentration | Cellular Target Involved | FBS (%) | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 200 s | MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | ↑ [Ca2+]i | EC50 0.7 ± 0.1 µM | N.E. | 10 | [9] |
| Jurkat (acute lymphoblastic leukemia, human) | ↑ [Ca2+]i | 30 µM | CB1 (−) CB2 (−) GPR55 (−) |
5 | [25] | |
| ↑ [Ca2+]m | ||||||
| 10 min | SH-SY5Y (neuroblastoma, human) | ↑ p-p42/44 MAPK | 10 µM | N.E. | 10 | [44] |
| Jurkat (acute lymphoblastic leukemia, human) | ↓ ΔΨm | 10–100 µM | N.E. | 5 | [25] | |
| 20 min | Jurkat (acute lymphoblastic leukemia, human) | Cyt-c release | 30 µM | N.E. | ||
| 30 min | SH-SY5Y (neuroblastoma, human) | ↓ p-AKT | 10 µM | N.E. | 10 | [44] |
| EL-4 (thymoma, murine) | ↑ ROS | 16 µM | N.E. | 5 | [33] | |
| U87MG (glioblastoma, human) | ↓ migration | IC50 5.05 µM | CB1 (−) CB2 (−) TRPV1 (−) |
10 | [13] | |
| 1 h | MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | ↑ ROS | 10–25 µM | N.E. | 10 | [9] |
| Jurkat (acute lymphoblastic leukemia, human) | 30 µM | N.E. | 5 | [25] | ||
| EL-4 (thymoma, murine) | ↑ apoptosis (sub-G0/G1) |
16 µM | N.E. | [33] | ||
| 2 h | SH-SY5Y (neuroblastoma, human) | ↑ LC3-II | 10 µM | CB1 (+) CB2 (+) TRPV1 (+) |
10 | [44] |
| HeLa (cervical cancer, human) | ↑ p-p38 MAPK | 10 µM | CB1 (+) CB2 (+) TRPV1 (+) |
Serum-free | [39] | |
| ↑ p-p42/44 MAPK | ||||||
| EL-4 (thymoma, murine) | ↑ ROS | 8–16 µM | N.E. | 5 | [33] | |
| Jurkat (acute lymphoblastic leukemia, human) | ↓ migration | 10–30 µM | N.E. | [25] | ||
| ↑ apoptosis | 30–100 µM | N.E. | ||||
| ↓ p-mTOR | 10 µM | N.E. | 10 | [32] | ||
| ↓ p-AKT | 10 µM | N.E. | [32] | |||
| 4 h | MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | ↓ p-AKT | 5 µM | N.E. | 10 | [22] |
| T98G (glioblastoma, human) | 20 µM | N.E. | [19] | |||
| U87MG, U118MG (glioblastoma, human) | 10 µM | N.E. | [18] | |||
| T98G (glioblastoma, human) | ↑ p-p38 MAPK | 20 µM | N.E. | [19] | ||
| U87MG, U118MG (glioblastoma, human) | 10 µM | N.E. | [18] | |||
| HeLa (cervical cancer, human) | N.E. | Serum-free | [39] | |||
| ↑ p-p42/44 MAPK | N.E. | |||||
| Jurkat (acute lymphoblastic leukemia, human) | ↑ apoptosis | 30–100 µM | N.E. | 5 | [25] | |
| ↑ LC3-II | 30 µM | N.E. | ||||
| 6 h | Jurkat (acute lymphoblastic leukemia, human) | ↑ apoptosis | 30–100 µM | N.E. | 5 | [25] |
| U87MG (glioblastoma, human) | ↑ ROS | 25 µM | N.E. | Serum-free | [14] | |
| Glioma stem-like cells (human) | ↑ ULK2 ↑ BECN1 ↑ ATGs |
10 µM | N.E. | Serum-free | [16] | |
| ↑ BAX ↑ BAD ↓ BCL2 |
N.E. | |||||
| N.E. | ||||||
| MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | ↓ p-AKT | 5 µM | N.E. | 10 | [22] | |
| T98G (glioblastoma, human) | ↓ ΔΨm | 10 µM | N.E. | 10 | [19] | |
| 10 h | U87MG (glioblastoma, human) | Cyt-c release | 25 µM | N.E. | Serum-free | [14] |
| ↑ Caspase-8 activity | N.E. | |||||
| 12 h | HeLa (cervical cancer, human) | ↑ p-p38 MAPK | 10 µM | N.E. | Serum-free | [39] |
| ↑ p-p42/44 MAPK | N.E. | |||||
| Jurkat (acute lymphoblastic leukemia, human) | ↑ Caspase-9 | 30 µM | N.E. | 5 | [25] | |
| ↑ Cleaved/activated Caspase-3 | 15 µM | CB1 (+) CB2 (+) |
10 | [27] | ||
| LNCaP (prostate carcinoma, human) | ||||||
| SW480 (colon carcinoma, human) | CB1 (+) CB2 (+) |
5 | ||||
| EL-4 (thymoma, murine) | ↑ apoptosis (sub-G0/G1) |
12–16 µM | N.E. | 5 | [33] | |
| MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | ↑ ROS | 5 µM | N.E. | 10 | [22] | |
| ↓ ΔΨm | N.E. | |||||
| LNCaP (prostate carcinoma, human) | ↑ Cleaved PARP | 15 µM | CB1 (−) CB2 (+) |
10 | [27] | |
| SW480 (colon carcinoma, human) | CB1 (+) CB2 (+) |
5 | ||||
| 16 h | Jurkat (acute lymphoblastic leukemia, human) | ↓ p-p38 MAPK | 5 µM | CB1 (−) CB2 (+) |
10 | [31] |
| MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | ↑ apoptosis | 7.5 µM | N.E. | 10 | [22] | |
| ↑ autophagy | N.E. | |||||
| T24 (bladder urothelial carcinoma, human) | ↓ migration/invasion | 32 µM | N.E. | 10 | [49] | |
| U87MG (glioblastoma, human) | ↑ Caspase-9 ↑ Caspase-8 ↑ Caspase-3 activity |
25 µM | N.E. | Serum-free | [14] | |
| 20 h | MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | ↓ invasion | 0.1–1.5 µM | N.E. | 0.1 | [20] |
| U87MG (glioblastoma, human) | ↑ Caspase-8 ↑ Caspase-3 activity |
25 µM | N.E. | Serum-free | [14] | |
| 24 h | U87MG, U373MG (glioblastoma, human) | ↓ viability/proliferation | 25 µM | CB1 (−) CB2 (+) TRPV1 (−) |
Serum-free | [12] |
| U87MG (glioblastoma, human) | 20–50 µM | N.E. | [14] | |||
| MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | 5–10 µM | CB1 (−) CB2 (−) TRPV1 (−) |
[22] | |||
| EL-4 (thymoma, murine) | 5 µM | CB1 (−) CB2 (+) TRPV1 (−) |
[31] | |||
| Jurkat (acute lymphoblastic leukemia, human) | 5 µM | CB1 (−) CB2 (+) TRPV1 (−) |
||||
| HT-29 (colorectal adenocarcinoma, human) | 10 µM | N.E. | 0.5 | [38] | ||
| SK-N-SH (neuroblastoma, human) | 32 µM | N.E. | 10 | [43] | ||
| Jurkat, MOLT-3, CCRF-CEM, RS4;11, Reh (acute lymphoblastic leukemia, human) | 12–50 µM | CB2 (−) | 5 | [25] | ||
| Glioma stem-like cells (human) | 10 µM | CB1 (−) CB2 (−) TRPV1 (−) TRPV2 (+) |
Serum-free | [16] | ||
| DU-145, LNCaP (prostate cancer, human) | 5–6 µM | N.E. | [29] | |||
| SGC-7901 (gastric cancer, human) | 74 µM | N.E. | 10 | [34] | ||
| Caco-2, HCT116 (colon adenocarcinoma, human) | 10 µM | CB1 (+) CB2 (−) TRPV1 (+) |
10 | [36] | ||
| Gastric cancer cell lines (human) | 6–10 µM | N.E. | [35] | |||
| Colorectal cancer cell lines (human) | 6–8 µM | N.E. | Serum-free | [37] | ||
| U87MG, T98G (glioblastoma, human) | IC50 11–13 µM | N.E. | [17] | |||
| T-47D, MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | 2.2–5 µM | N.E. | [24] | |||
| FaDu, SCC15, Hep2 (head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, human) | 6–6.5 µM | N.E. | [50] | |||
| SiHa, HeLa, ME-180 (cervical cancer, human) | 5–10 µM | N.E. | [42] | |||
| SK-N-SH (neuroblastoma, human) | ↓ migration/invasion | 32 µM | N.E. | 10 | [43] | |
| U87MG, T98G (glioblastoma, human) | 1–9 µM | N.E. | Serum-free | [17] | ||
| Ishikawa, PCEM004b (endometrial cancer, human) | 12–25 µM | N.E. | Low | [48] | ||
| SCC15 (head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, human) | 4–8 µM | N.E. | 10 | [50] | ||
| HeLa (cervical cancer, human) | 10 µM | N.E. | Serum-free | [39] | ||
| SGC-7901 (gastric cancer, human) | (G0/G1) cell cycle arrest | 63–127 µM | N.E. | 10 | [34] | |
| ASPC1 (pancreatic cancer, human) | 40 µM | N.E. | 10 | [47] | ||
| Glioma stem-like cells (human) | 10 µM | N.E. | Serum-free | [16] | ||
| MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | ↓ Cyclin D1 | 7.5–10 µM | N.E. | 10 | [22] | |
| T-47D, MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | 5 µM | N.E. | 10 | [24] | ||
| SGC-7901 (gastric cancer, human) | ↓ Cyclin E | 31.79–127.2 µM | N.E. | 10 | [34] | |
| U87MG (glioblastoma, human) | ↑ necrosis (PI staining) | 25 µM | N.E. | Serum-free | [12] | |
| MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | ↑ apoptosis (Annexin V) | 5–10 µM | N.E. | 10 | [22] | |
| Jurkat (acute lymphoblastic leukemia, human) | ↑ apoptosis (TUNEL) | 5 µM | CB2 (+) | Serum-free | [31] | |
| SH-SY5Y (neuroblastoma, human) | ↑ apoptosis (sub-G0/G1) |
50–100 µM | N.E. | 10 | [44] | |
| SGC-7901 (gastric cancer, human) | ↑ apoptosis–necrosis (Annexin V-PI) | 32–127 µM | N.E. | 10 | [34] | |
| ASPC1 (pancreatic cancer, human) | 40 µM | N.E. | 10 | [47] | ||
| HL-60 (acute myeloblastic leukemia, human) |
↑ apoptosis | 25 µM | N.E. | 5 | [30] | |
| HCT116, DLD-1 (colorectal cancer, human) | ↑ apoptosis–necrosis (Annexin V-PI) | 6 µM | N.E. | 10 | [37] | |
| AGS, MKN45 (gastric cancer, human) | 4–10 µM | N.E. | [35] | |||
| T-47D, MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | ↑ apoptosis | 3–5 µM | N.E. | [24] | ||
| FaDu, SCC15, Hep2 (head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, human) | ↑ apoptosis–necrosis (Annexin V-PI) | 6–10 µM | N.E. | [50] | ||
| SiHa, HeLa, ME-180 (cervical cancer, human) | ↑ apoptosis (sub-G0/G1, Annexin V) | 10 µM | N.E. | 10 | [42] | |
| SK-N-SH (neuroblastoma, human) | apoptosis–necrosis (Annexin V-7AAD) |
32 µM | N.E. | 10 | [43] | |
| MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | ↑ Cleaved Caspase-7 |
7.5–10 µM | N.E. | 10 | [22] | |
| SCC15 (head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, human) | 10 µM | N.E. | 10 | [50] | ||
| Jurkat (acute lymphoblastic leukemia, human) | ↑ Cleaved/activated Caspase-8 | 5 µM | CB2 (+) | 10 | [31] | |
| MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | 7.5–10 µM | N.E. | 10 | [22] | ||
| U87MG (glioblastoma, human) | 25 µM | N.E. | Serum-free | [14] | ||
| HCT116, DLD-1 (colorectal cancer, human) | 6 µM | N.E. | 10 | [37] | ||
| AGS, MKN45 (gastric cancer, human) | 4–10 µM | N.E. | 10 | [35] | ||
| SGC-7901 (gastric cancer, human) | ↑ Cleaved/activated Caspase-3 | 32–127 µM | N.E. | 10 | [34] | |
| MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | 7.5–10 µM | N.E. | 10 | [22] | ||
| U87MG (glioblastoma, human) | 25 µM | N.E. | Serum-free | [14] | ||
| HCT116, DLD-1 (colorectal cancer, human) | 6 µM | N.E. | 10 | [37] | ||
| AGS, MKN45 (gastric cancer, human) | 4–10 µM | N.E. | [35] | |||
| SiHa, HeLa, ME-180 (cervical cancer, human) | 10.2 µM | N.E. | [42] | |||
| ASPC1 (pancreatic cancer, human) | 40 µM | N.E. | 10 | [47] | ||
| SGC-7901 (gastric cancer, human) | ↑ Cleaved Caspase-9, |
32–127 µM | N.E. | 10 | [34] | |
| MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | 7.5–10 µM | N.E. | 10 | [22] | ||
| HCT116, DLD-1 (colorectal cancer, human) | 6 µM | N.E. | [37] | |||
| AGS, MKN45 (gastric cancer, human) | 4–10 µM | N.E. | [35] | |||
| MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | ↑ t-Bid | 7.5–10 µM | N.E. | [22] | ||
| AGS, MKN45 (gastric cancer, human | 4–10 µM | N.E. | [35] | |||
| MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | ↑ Cleaved Beclin1 | 10 µM | N.E. | [22] | ||
| MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | ↑ Bax | N.E. | [22] | |||
| SCC15 (head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, human) | N.E. | [50] | ||||
| SGC-7901 (gastric cancer, human) | 32 µM | N.E. | 10 | [34] | ||
| SGC-7901 (gastric cancer, human) | ↑ Bad | N.E. | ||||
| SGC-7901 (gastric cancer, human) | ↓ Bcl-2 | N.E. | ||||
| MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | 10 µM | N.E. | 10 | [22] | ||
| SCC15 (head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, human) | N.E. | [50] | ||||
| MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | Cyt-C release | 2.5–5 µM | N.E. | [22] | ||
| Jurkat (acute lymphoblastic leukemia, human) | CB2 (+) | 10 | [31] | |||
| SGC-7901 (gastric cancer, human) | 63–127 µM | N.E. | [34] | |||
| MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | ↑ Cleaved PARP | 5–10 µM | N.E. | 10 | [22] | |
| Jurkat (acute lymphoblastic leukemia, human) | 2.5–5 µM | CB2 (+) | 10 | [31] | ||
| HCT116, DLD-1 (colorectal cancer, human) | 6 µM | N.E. | 5 | [37] | ||
| AGS, MKN45 (gastric cancer, human) | 4–10 µM | N.E. | [35] | |||
| T-47D, MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | 3 µM | N.E. | [24] | |||
| SCC15 (head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, human) | 10 µM | N.E. | [50] | |||
| LNCaP (prostate carcinoma, human) | 15 µM | N.E. | [27] | |||
| SW480 (colon carcinoma, human) | N.E. | |||||
| Jurkat, MOLT-4 (acute lymphoblastic leukemia, human) | ↑ ROS | 2.5–10 µM | N.E. | Serum-free | [31] | |
| SGC-7901 (gastric cancer, human) | 32 µM | N.E. | 10 | [34] | ||
| MCF-7 (breast cancer, human) | ↑ mitochondrial ROS | 20 µM | N.E. | 10 | [26] | |
| ↑ [Ca2+]m | N.E. | |||||
| Jurkat (acute lymphoblastic leukemia, human) | ↓ ΔΨm | 2.5–5 µM | N.E. | 10 | [31] | |
| SGC-7901 (gastric cancer, human) | 32 µM | N.E. | 10 | [34] | ||
| AGS (gastric cancer, human) | 4 µM | N.E. | 10 | [35] | ||
| MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | ↑ LC3-II | 5 µM | N.E. | 10 | [22] | |
| Jurkat (acute lymphoblastic leukemia, human) | 10 µM | N.E. | 5 | [25] | ||
| Glioma stem-like cells (human) | TRPV2 (+) | Serum-free | [16] | |||
| SCC15 (head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, human) | N.E. | 10 | [50] | |||
| Glioma stem-like cells (human) | ↑ Beclin1 | 10 µM | N.E. | Serum-free | [16] | |
| SCC15 (head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, human) | N.E. | 10 | [50] | |||
| MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | ↓ p-mTOR | 5 µM | N.E. | [22] | ||
| T-47D, MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | 5 µM | N.E. | [24] | |||
| MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | ↓ p-AKT | 5 µM | N.E. | [22] | ||
| U87MG, T98G (glioblastoma, human) | 5–9 µM | N.E. | Serum-free | [17] | ||
| U87MG, T98G (glioblastoma, human) | ↓ p-p42/44 MAPK | 5–9 µM | N.E. | |||
| AGS (gastric cancer, human) | ↑ p-p42/44 MAPK | 4 µM | N.E. | 10 % FBS | [35] | |
| 48 h | U87MG, U373MG (glioblastoma, human) | ↓ viability/proliferation | 25 µM (daily) | N.E. | Serum-free | [12] |
| FaDu, SCC15, Hep2 (head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, human) | 0.1–2 µM | N.E. | Serum-free | [50] | ||
| LNCaP (prostate carcinoma, human) | IC50 10 µM | N.E. | 2.5 | [27] | ||
| SW480 (colon carcinoma, human) | IC50 9.4 µM | N.E. | ||||
| U87MG (glioblastoma, human) | 10 µM | N.E. | 10 | [19] | ||
| Jurkat (acute lymphoblastic leukemia, human) | 30–100 µM (daily) | N.E. | 5 | [25] | ||
| A549, H460, H1792 (lung cancer, human) | N.E. | 5–10 | [41] | |||
| A549, H460 (lung cancer, human) | IC50 14.2–15.9 µM | N.E | Serum-free | [56] | ||
| CCRF-CEM (acute lymphoblastic leukemia, human) | 7.8 ± 0.2 μM | N.E. | 10 | [10] | ||
| A549, H460, H1792 (lung cancer, human) | ↓ migration/invasion | 30 µM | N.E. | Serum-free | [41] | |
| HeLa (cervical cancer, human) | 10 µM | N.E. | Serum-free | [39] | ||
| PCEM004b, PCEM004a (endometrial cancer, human) | (G0/G1) cell cycle arrest | 25–50 µM (daily) | N.E. | 10 | [48] | |
| MCF-7 (breast cancer, human) | (G1/S) cell cycle arrest | 10 µM (daily) | N.E. | 10 | [9] | |
| T24 (bladder urothelial carcinoma, human) | ↑ apoptosis-necrosis (Annexin V-PI) |
47.7 µM | N.E. | 10 | [49] | |
| U87MG (glioblastoma, human) | 20 µM | N.E. | 10 | [19] | ||
| ASPC1 (pancreatic cancer, human) | 40 µM | N.E. | 10 | [47] | ||
| U87MG, U118MG (glioblastoma, human) | ↑ apoptosis (sub-G0/G1) |
5–20 µM | CB1 (+) CB2 (+) |
10 | [18] | |
| SH-SY5Y (neuroblastoma, human) | 25–100 µM | N.E. | 10 | [44] | ||
| MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | ↑ Caspase-3 | 10 µM (daily) | N.E. | 10 | [9] | |
| U87MG (glioblastoma, human) | ↑ Cleaved PARP | 20 µM | N.E. | 10 | [19] | |
| D425 (medulloblastoma, human) | 5 µM | N.E. | 1.5 | [45] | ||
| ↑ LC3-II | N.E. | |||||
| ↑ p-p42/44 MAPK | N.E. | |||||
| MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | 1.5 µM (daily) | N.E. | 0.1 | [21] | ||
| D283 (medulloblastoma, human) | ↓ p-p42/44 MAPK | 6.5 µM | N.E. | 1.5 | [45] | |
| 72 h | FaDu, SCC15, Hep2 (head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, human) | ↓ viability/proliferation | 0.03–0.8 µM | N.E. | Serum-free | [50] |
| U87MG, U373MG (glioblastoma, human) | 25 µM (daily) | N.E. | Serum-free | [12] | ||
| LNCaP (prostate carcinoma, human) | IC50 5.95 µM | N.E. | 2.5 | [27] | ||
| SW480 (colon carcinoma, human) | IC50 5.06µM | N.E. | 2.5 | [27] | ||
| SiHa, HeLa, ME-180 (cervical cancer, human) | 10 µM | N.E. | Serum-free | [42] | ||
| Endometrial cancer cell lines (human) | 7–45 µM (daily) | N.E. | 10 | [48] | ||
| 19–75 µM | N.E. | [48] | ||||
| U87MG (glioblastoma, human) | 10 µM | N.E. | [19] | |||
| D283, D425 (medulloblastoma, human) | 3–7.5 µM | N.E. | 1.5 | [45] | ||
| IC-1425EPN, DKFZ-EP1NS (ependymoma, human) | 8–10 µM | N.E. | 1.5 | [45] | ||
| DU-145, LNCaP (prostate cancer, human) | 25 µM | N.E. | 10 | [29] | ||
| Jurkat (acute lymphoblastic leukemia, human) | 30–100 µM (daily) | N.E. | 5 | [25] | ||
| Jurkat (acute lymphoblastic leukemia, human) | 10–100 µM | N.E. | 5 | [25] | ||
| 2.5 µM | N.E. | 1 | [32] | |||
| 6.4 µM | N.E. | 5 | [32] | |||
| U251 (glioblastoma, human) | 0.6–1.2 µM | N.E. | 0.1 | [15] | ||
| MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | 1.5 µM (daily) | N.E. | 0.1 | [21] | ||
| U87MG, T98G, HG19 (glioblastoma, human) | ↓ migration/invasion | 2–3 µM | N.E. | Serum-free | [11] | |
| U251 (glioblastoma, human) | 0.1 µM | N.E. | 0.1 | [15] | ||
| HeLa, C33A (cervical cancer, human) | 10 µM | CB1 (+) CB2 (+) TRPV1 (+) |
Serum-free | [39] | ||
| A549 (lung cancer, human) | CB1 (+) CB2 (+) TRPV1 (+) |
|||||
| 0.1–1 µM | CB1 (+) CB2 (+) TRPV1 (+) |
Serum-free | [40] | |||
| MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | 1.5 µM (daily) | N.E. | 0.1 | [21] | ||
| Endometrial cancer cell lines (human) | ↑ apoptosis (Annexin V-PI) | 7–45 µM (daily) | N.E. | 10 | [48] | |
| U87MG, U118MG (glioblastoma, human) | ↑ apoptosis (sub-G0/G1) |
5–20 µM | CB1 (+) CB2 (+) |
10 | [18] | |
| U251 (glioblastoma, human) | ↑ apoptosis (Annexin V-PI) | 2 µM | CB1 (−) CB2 (−) |
0.1 | [15] | |
| U251 (glioblastoma, human) | (G0/G1) cell cycle arrest | 0.4 µM | N.E. | 0.1 | [15] | |
| Jurkat (acute lymphoblastic leukemia, human) | 10 µM | N.E. | Serum-free | [32] | ||
| HPAFII, ASPC1 (pancreatic cancer, human) | GPR55 (+) | 10 | [46] | |||
| PCEM004b, PCEM004a (endometrial cancer, human) | ↑ LC3-II | 12–25 µM | N.E. | 10 | [48] | |
| 96 h | U87MG (glioblastoma, human) | ↓ viability/proliferation | 10 µM | N.E. | 10 | [19] |
| U87MG, U373MG (glioblastoma, human) | 25 µM (daily) | N.E. | Serum-free | [12] | ||
| MCF-7 (breast cancer, human) | IC50 8.2 µM (daily) | N.E. | 10 | [9] | ||
| MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer, human) | 10 µM (daily) | CB2 (+) TRPV1 (+) |
||||
| DU-145 (prostate cancer, human) | IC50 20.2 µM (daily) | N.E. | ||||
| Caco-2 (colon adenocarcinoma, human) | IC50 7.5 µM (daily) | N.E. | ||||
| AGS (gastric cancer, human) | IC50 7.5 µM (daily) | N.E. |
N.E.: not evaluated; (−): independent; (+): dependent.