Table 1.
Pharmacological compounds targeting TME-derived factors that affect neutrophil function, currently in clinical trials. Data collected on ClinicalTrials.gov.
| Target | Type | Name | Effect on Neutrophils/MDSCs |
|---|---|---|---|
| VEGFR | Blocking mAb | bevacizumab | Reduces MDSC recruitment into TME |
| Blocking mAb | axitinib | ||
| c-Met and VEGFR2 inhibitor | cabozantinib | ||
| GM-CSF | Oncolytic virus | OncoVEXGM-CSF | Reduces monocyte and myeloid precursor cell numbers |
| Recombinant human GM-CSF | sargramostim | ||
| TLR9 | TLR9 agonist | CMP-001 | Stimulates Th1-activating cytokine production by MDSCs |
| TLR9 agonist | SD-101 | ||
| IL-12 | Recombinant human IL-12 | rHuIL-12 | Reprograms MDSCs into APCs |
| IL-12 gene therapy activator | veledimex | ||
| IFN-α | Pegylated IFN-a | pegasys | Stimulates MDSC polarization |
| IFN-β | Oncolytic Virus | VSV-IFNβ-NIS | Stimulates MDSC polarization |
| IFN-β, TGF-β | mRNA | Fβ2 fusokine | Reprograms MDSCs in favor of CD8+ T cell responses |
| STAT3 | STAT3 inhibitor | TTI-101 | Reduces immunosuppressive capacity of G-MDSCs |
| STAT3 inhibitor | napabucasin | ||
| STAT3 inhibitor | pyrimethamine | ||
| IDO1 | IDO inhibitor | indoximod | Affects protumor granulocyte infiltration in the TME |
| IDO inhibitor | epacadostat | ||
| IDO/TDO inhibitor | linrodostat | ||
| ARG-1 | Recombinant human Arg1 | pegzilarginase | Expression by myeloid cells is linked to protumor properties |
| Arg1 inhibitor | INCB001158 | ||
| HDAC | HDAC inhibitor | panobinostat | Reduces MDSCs and their expression of ARG-1 and iNOS |
| HDAC inhibitor | belinostat |