Table 2.
Patients’ management in ICU.
| Variables | All Cohort n = 1666 |
Survivors n = 361 |
Non-Survivors n = 1305 |
p-Value | Missing n (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maximum SOFA, median | 8 [4–14] | 5 [3–8] | 9 [5–15] | <0.001 | |
| Respiratory management | |||||
| Non-invasive respiratory management | |||||
| HFO2 (yes), n (%) | 698 (42) | 194 (54) | 504 (39) | <0.001 | |
| HFO2 only (yes), n (%) | 225 (14) | 125 (35) | 100 (8) | <0.001 | |
| NIV (yes), n (%) | 729 (44) | 106 (29) | 623 (48) | <0.001 | |
| NIV only (yes), n (%) | 201 (12) | 39 (11) | 162 (12) | 0.406 | |
| HFO2 and NIV (yes), n (%) | 113 (7) | 60 (17) | 53 (4) | <0.001 | |
| Invasive respiratory management | |||||
| Mechanical ventilation (yes), n (%) | 886 (53) | 29 (8) | 857 (66) | <0.001 | |
| MV only (yes), n (%) | 325 (20) | 15 (4) | 310 (24) | <0.001 | |
| HFO2 and MV (yes), n (%) | 146 (9) | 7 (2) | 139 (11) | <0.001 | |
| NIV and MV (yes), n (%) | 201 (12) | 5 (1.5) | 196 (15) | <0.001 | |
| HFO2, NIV, and MV (yes), n (%) | 214 (13) | 2 (1) | 212 (16) | <0.001 | |
| Neuromuscular blockade (yes), n (%) | 162 (10) | 5 (1) | 157 (12) | <0.001 | |
| Maximum PEEP (cm H2O), median | 10 [8–12] | 8 [7–10] | 10 [8–12] | 0.2 | |
| Prone ventilation (yes), n (%) | 175 (11) | 22 (6) | 153 (12) | <0.01 | |
| Treatment | |||||
| Corticosteroids (yes), n (%) | 1295 (78) | 246 (68) | 1049 (80) | <0.001 | |
| Remdesivir (yes), n (%) | 316 (19) | 48 (13) | 268 (21) | <0.01 | |
| Hydroxychloroquine (yes), n (%) | 356 (21) | 84 (23) | 272 (21) | 0.3 | |
| Lopinavir/Ritonavir (yes), n (%) | 385 (23) | 91 (25) | 294 (23) | 0.2 | |
| Tocilizumab (yes), n (%) | 138 (8) | 22 (6) | 116 (9) | 0.08 | |
HFO2—high flow oxygen; ICU—intensive care unit; MV—mechanical ventilation; NIV—non-invasive ventilation; PEEP—positive end-expiratory pressure; SOFA—sequential organ failure assessment.