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. 2022 Mar 21;12(3):502. doi: 10.3390/jpm12030502

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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iPSC and differentiated retinal cell characterisation. (A) The patient’s iPSC expression of pluripotency markers OCT4, NANOG and SOX2 was higher compared to fibroblast cells. Error bars = SEM. (B) The patient’s iPSC lines expressed NANOG and SSEA-4, with normal Hoechst33342 staining and karyotype (46, XY). (C) Expression of germ layer markers of the endoderm (AFP, CDH20), ectoderm (EN1 and PHOX2B) and mesoderm (FOXF1 and HAND2) were increased in iPSC-EBs compared to iPSCs. Error bars = SEM. (D) Control and patient pigmented iPSC-RPE islands (i) were isolated to allow growth into their classical hexagonal shape, revealed by ZO-1 staining (ii) and CRX expression. (E) Early control and patient iPSC-ROs at 6 weeks developed striations (i) and by 17 weeks, formed photoreceptor cells marked by the expression of recoverin and CRX (ii), which are early markers of photoreceptor development.