Table 2.
Body weight and glucose metabolism at the end of experimental periods.
| MD-Control | Positive-Control | Low-PBEH | Medium-PBEH | High-PBEH | Normal-Control | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Final body weight (g) | 454 ± 10.4 a | 447 ± 7.78 a | 458 ± 8.91 a | 434 ± 7.03 b | 429 ± 7.4 b | 453 ± 14 a |
| Body weight gain (g) | 178 ± 7.36 a | 171 ± 6.99 ab | 163 ± 6.83 b | 163 ± 4.44 b | 155 ± 6.34 c | 185 ± 11.4 a |
| Visceral fat (%) | 5.11 ± 0.65 a | 4.94 ± 0.44 ab | 4.74 ± 0.41 ab | 4.86 ± 0.55 ab | 4.2 ± 0.42 b | 5.19 ± 0.57 a |
| Food efficiency | 10.3 ± 0.42 b | 11.1 ± 0.64 a | 10.7 ± 0.33 ab | 9.81 ± 0.29 bc | 9.62 ± 0.32 c | 10.7 ± 0.39 ab |
| Fasting serum glucose (mg/dL) | 123 ± 3.7 b | 140 ± 6.7 a | 117 ± 4.74 b | 116 ± 5.78 b | 115 ± 3.55 b | 111 ± 2.36 b |
| Fasting serum insulin (ng/mL) | 0.58 ± 0.10 a | 0.47 ± 0.10 b | 0.56 ± 0.09 a | 0.55 ± 0.10 a | 0.51 ± 0.09 a | 0.27 ± 0.03 c |
| HOMA-IR | 6.12 ± 0.76 a | 5.85 ± 0.73 ab | 5.69 ± 0.87 ab | 5.57 ± 0.73 ab | 5.09 ± 0.71 b | 2.62 ± 0.18 b |
Food efficiency = weight gain/food intake; visceral fat = epididymal fat pads + retroperitoneal fat. HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance. Male rats had intraperitoneal injections of scopolamine (2 mg/kg body weight/day) at 30 min after daily feeding of casein (MD-control), porcine brain enzyme hydrolysates (PBEH; 7 mg total nitrogen/mL) at 0.053 mL (Low-PBEH), 0.159 mL (Medium-PBEH), 0.478 mL (High-PBEH), or 10 mg donepezil (Positive-control) per kilogram body weight per day for six weeks. Values represent means ± standard deviations (n = 10); a–c Means on the same row with different superscript letters indicate a significant difference among the groups by Tukey test at p < 0.05.