Wound healing efficacy of the PEENPPCH in vivo. (I) Photographs showing the animal operations including wound generation (A), coverage with the dressing (B), fixation of the dressing (C), and wound bandaging (D). (II) Images of the wound conditions of the diabetic rats receiving various treatments for 15 days. Wounds were photographed every 72 h for 15 days before replacing the new dressings. (III) Quantitative analysis of the DWC of each group within 15 days. Values are presented as mean ± s.d. (n = 5). a, b, c, d, and e represent p < 0.05 compared to the groups treated with gauze, HeraDerm, blank CH, ENPPCH, and PEPCH, respectively.