Table 2.
Performance and psychological indicators of participants before and after performing the intervention
| Variable | Group | Pre | Post | % change | P within |
P between |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body mass (kg) | HVD | 73.7 ± 12.7 | 73.5 ± 12.5 | −0.11 | 0.727 | 0.070 |
| Y-LVD | 68.1 ± 11.1 | 67.2 ± 10.7 | −1.31 | 0.030 | ||
| Y-HVD | 74.5 ± 10.0 | 73.8 ± 9.7 | −1.71 | 0.012 | ||
| Body fat percentage (%) | HVD | 37.0 ± 4.4 | 36.8 ± 4.3 | −0.52 | 0.343 | 0.003 |
| Y-LVD | 37.0 ± 4.1 | 35.3 ± 4.3 | −4.67* | 0.001 | ||
| Y-HVD | 34.8 ± 3.3 | 33.4 ± 2.9 | −3.94* | 0.003 | ||
| Handgrip strength tests (kg) | HVD | 18.0 ± 4.3 | 18.3 ± 4.3 | 1.73 | 0.345 | 0.001 |
| Y-LVD | 16.4 ± 2.8 | 18.4 ± 2.4 | 13.32* | 0.001 | ||
| Y-HVD | 18.7 ± 4.0 | 20.0 ± 4.3 | 7.09* | 0.001 | ||
| Vitamin D (IU) | HD | 41.2 ± 16.2 | 53.5 ± 15.9 | 34.62 | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Y + HD | 44.8 ± 13.1 | 57.5 ± 12.3 | 32.17# | 0.001 | ||
| Y + LD | 43.4 ± 15.1 | 49.3 ± 16.2 | 15.69* | 0.001 | ||
| Quality of life questionnaire | ||||||
| Global health | HVD | 70.8 ± 21.2 | 69.2 ± 22.2 | −3.01 | 0.161 | 0.001 |
| Y-LVD | 58.3 ± 14.7 | 75.8 ± 15.4 | 33.78* | 0.001 | ||
| Y-HVD | 59.9 ± 17.5 | 82.5 ± 12.7 | 47.01* | 0.001 | ||
| Functional scales | HVD | 68.4 ± 18.2 | 70.7 ± 19.5 | 3.38 | 0.351 | 0.001 |
| Y-LVD | 58.4 ± 19.8 | 81.1 ± 9.8 | 49.9* | 0.001 | ||
| Y-HVD | 55.4 ± 17.9 | 84.2 ± 7.9 | 62.8* | 0.001 | ||
| Symptom scales | HVD | 34.8 ± 13.7 | 34.5 ± 12.6 | 3.85 | 0.928 | 0.001 |
| Y-LVD | 41.8 ± 18.8 | 26.2 ± 11.6 | −35.0* | 0.001 | ||
| Y-HVD | 43.4 ± 12.2 | 18.6 ± 4.8 | −54.1* | 0.005 | ||
HVD high dose of vitamin D, Y-LVD yoga with a low dose of vitamin D, Y-HVD yoga with a high dose of vitamin D.
*Significant difference with HVD group.
#Significant difference with Y-LVD group