Table 3.
Cox proportional hazards analysis of overall survival based on biomarker combination in the validation cohort
| Variable | Univariable Cox regression | Multivariable Cox regression using AR aberration and 3-lipid signature | Multivariable Cox regression using TP53 aberration and 3-lipid signature | Multivariable Cox regression using RB1 deletion and 3-lipid signature | Multivariable Cox regression using PI3K aberration and 3-lipid signature | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value | ||
| Biomarker combinations | AR aberration and/or 3-lipid signature (Groups 1 and 2 vs 0) | 2.92 (1.79–4.75) | < 0.001 | 2.45 (1.42–4.20) | 0.001 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| TP53 aberration and/or 3-lipid signature (Groups 1 and 2 vs 0) | 2.77 (1.67–4.61) | < 0.001 | – | – | 2.82 (1.64–4.83) | < 0.001 | – | – | – | – | |
| RB1 deletion and/or 3-lipid signature (Groups 1 and 2 vs 0) | 2.53 (1.58–4.07) | < 0.001 | – | – | – | – | 1.95 (0.98–3.86) | < 0.001 | – | – | |
| PI3K aberration and 3-lipid signature (Group 2 vs 0 and 1) | 1.78 (1.03–3.10) | 0.04 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1.32 (0.70–2.50) | 0.396 | |
| Clinicopatholgic factors | PSA, ng/mLa | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | < 0.001 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | < 0.001 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | < 0.001 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | < 0.001 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | < 0.001 |
| ALP, IU/La | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.002 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.024 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.03 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.069 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.034 | |
| ctDNA Fraction | ctDNA fraction > 2% | 1.91 (1.18–3.08) | 0.008 | 1.29 (0.76–2.17) | 0.347 | 1.37 (0.81–2.30) | 0.238 | 1.74 (1.05–2.87) | 0.062 | 1.67 (1.01–2.78) | 0.048 |
Univariable and multivariable Cox regression based on biomarker combination, clinicopathologic factors and ctDNA fraction. Only variables with p < 0.05 in univariable analysis were included in multivariable analysis
Group 0 = absence of both 3LS and the genetic aberration; Group 1 = presence of one abnormality (either 3LS or the genetic aberration); Group 2 = presence of both 3LS and the genetic aberration
ALP alkaline phosphatase, CI confidence interval, ctDNA circulating tumour DNA, HR hazard ratio, PI3K phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase, PSA prostate-specific antigen
All p-values < 0.05 are highlighted in bold
aContinuous variable