Table 3.
Comparison between asymptomatic AS patients who died or not during follow-up.
| Variables | Survivors (n = 134) |
All-Cause Deaths (n = 27) |
p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical variables | |||
| Age ± SD, years | 68.4 ± 13.3 | 76.0 ± 9.4 | 0.005 |
| Male, gender n (%) | 77 (57) | 17 (63) | 0.597 |
| BMI ± SD, kg/m2 | 26.1 ± 4.0 | 28.0 ± 5.1 | 0.037 |
| BSA ± SD, m2 | 1.8 ± 0.2 | 1.8 ± 0.2 | 0.907 |
| Systolic arterial pressure ± SD, mmHg | 136.0 ± 18 | 135 ± 22 | 0.735 |
| Diastolic arterial pressure ± SD, mmHg | 73 ± 10 | 71 ± 9 | 0.262 |
| Loge-transformed BNP ± SD | 4.2 ± 1.3 | 5.1 ± 1.3 | 0.002 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 27 (20) | 10 (37) | 0.045 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 92 (69) | 17 (63) | 0.907 |
| Hypercholesterolemia, n (%) | 87 (133) | 16 (60) | 0.705 |
| Current smoking, n (%) | 26 (19) | 3 (11) | 0.319 |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 15 (11) | 4 (15) | 0.502 |
| Previous PCI, n (%) | 12 (9) | 3 (11) | 0.639 |
| Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 29 (22) | 9 (33) | 0.368 |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 5 (4) | 2 (7) | 0.391 |
| LV dimensions and geometry | |||
| Interventricular septum ± SD, mm | 10.5 ± 1.6 | 13.1 ± 1.9 | 0.063 |
| LV posterior wall ± SD, mm | 9.8 ± 2.0 | 11.0 ± 1.1 | 0.118 |
| LV end-diastolic diameter ± SD, mm | 45.1 ± 5.5 | 47.0 ± 7.1 | 0.132 |
| LV end-systolic diameter ± SD, mm | 29.9 ± 5.7 | 30.6 ± 6.1 | 0.619 |
| LV mass indexed ± SD, g/m2 | 101.7 ± 25.5 | 117.4 ± 28.1 | 0.007 |
| Relative wall thickness ± SD | 0.47 ± 0.10 | 0.48 ± 0.09 | 0.714 |
| Aortic valve severity | |||
| Mean Pressure Gradient ± SD, mmHg | 38.6 ± 14.8 | 38.3 ± 17.1 | 0.942 |
| Peak aortic Velocity ± SD, m/s | 3.9 ± 0.7 | 3.8 ± 0.7 | 0.605 |
| Aortic Valve Area ± SD, cm2 | 1.00 ± 0.35 | 1.01 ± 0.26 | 0.725 |
| Indexed aortic valve area ± SD, cm2/m2 | 0.54 ± 0.18 | 0.55 ± 0.15 | 0.664 |
| Indexed Stroke Volume ± SD, mL/m2 | 47.8 ± 10.6 | 48.9 ± 14.3 | 0.664 |
| Zva ± SD, mmHg/mL/m2 | 3.8 ± 1.0 | 3.8 ± 1.3 | 0.930 |
| LV systolic and diastolic function | |||
| LV end-diastolic volume ± SD, mL | 93.8 ± 33.6 | 93.1 ± 39.3 | 0.925 |
| LV end-systolic volume ± SD, mL | 36.2 ± 16.4 | 37.3 ± 20.2 | 0.763 |
| LV EF ± SD, % | 62 ± 6 | 61 ± 7 | 0.281 |
| GLS ± SD, % | −19.0 ± 2.7 | −17.5 ± 3.3 | 0.016 |
| Indexed LA volume ± SD, mL/m2 | 33.4 ± 11.9 | 42.6 ± 16.9 | 0.002 |
| Mitral E/A ratio ± SD | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.050 |
| E/e’ ± SD, average | 11.8 ± 4.3 | 11.9 ± 3.7 | 0.924 |
| TTPG ± SD, mmHg | 26.5 ± 8.2 | 26.8 ± 8.8 | 0.900 |
| TAPSE ± SD, mm | 22.8 ± 3.28 | 21.3 ± 4.0 | 0.072 |
| S’ ± SD, cm/s | 12.6 ± 2.7 | 12.9 ± 3.3 | 0.694 |
| Right atrial volume ± SD, mL | 38.2 ± 16.3 | 39.8 ± 17.4 | 0.681 |
| Myocardial work | |||
| GWI ± SD, mmHg% | 2603 ± 503 | 2307 ± 532 | 0.006 |
| GCW ± SD, mmHg% | 3040 ± 582 | 2647 ± 602 | 0.002 |
| GWW ± SD, mmHg% | 137 ± 113 | 152 ± 96 | 0.513 |
| GWE ± SD, % | 95 ± 4 | 94 ± 3 | 0.199 |
Values are n (%) or mean ± SD. Abbreviations as in Table 1.