Table 3.
Levels of soluble markers analyzed in women with HDP and without HDP.
| Variable * | GDM-HDP (n = 13) | GDM-NMT (n = 136) | Control (n = 88) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adiponectin (pg/mL) | 10.52 ± 1.33 | 12.94 ± 2.78 | 13.18 ± 2.97 | 0.031 a,b |
| Resistin (pg/mL) | 6.69 + 3.69 | 7.21 + 3 | 8.31 + 3.31 | 0.028 c |
| PAI-1 (pg/mL) | 7.31 ± 3.96 | 7.65 ± 3.15 | 8.79 ± 3.45 | 0.034 c |
| NGF (pg/mL) | 0.34 ± 0.75 | 0.63 ± 0.83 | 0.92 ± 0.92 | ns |
| Leptin (pg/mL) | 10.97 ± 0.85 | 10.08 ± 1.14 | 10.16 ± 0.99 | 0.038 b |
| HGF (pg/mL) | 6.51 ± 1.08 | 7.1 ± 1.01 | 6.87 ± 1.91 | ns |
| MCP-1 (pg/mL) | 5.23 ± 0.61 | 5.03 ± 0.53 | 4.81 ± 0.58 | 0.023 |
| TNFα (pg/mL) | 0.18 ± 2.05 | 0.51 ± 1.11 | 0.79 ± 0.75 | ns |
| sFlt-1 (pg/mL) | 7.58 ± 1.08 | 7.7 ± 0.95 | 7.41 ± 1.0 | ns |
| PIGF (pg/mL) | 2.66 ± 1.95 | 5.05 ± 1.05 | 5.32 ± 1.06 | <0.001 a,b |
| FGF2 (pg/mL) | 3.79 ± 0.75 | 4.08 ± 0.63 | 4.06 ± 0.65 | ns |
| sFlt-1/PlGF ratio | 4.92 ± 2.63 | 2.34 ± 1.33 | 2.21 ± 1.56 | <0.001 a,b |
GDM = gestational diabetes mellitus; HDP = hypertensive disorders of pregnancy; NMT = normotensive; PAI-1 = plasminogen activator inhibitor-1; NGF = nerve growth factor; HGF = hepatocyte growth factor; MCP-1 = monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; TNFα = tumor necrosis factor alpha; sFlt-1 = soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1; PIGF = placental growth factor; FGF2 = fibroblast growth factor 2; ns = not statistically significant. * Data expressed as means ± standard deviation. a Significant differences between the GDM-HDP and control groups. b Significant differences between the GDP-HDP and GDM-NMT groups. c Significant differences between the GDM-NMT and control groups.