Table 1.
Antibacterial photodynamic therapy alone.
| Photosensitizer | Nanoconjugate System Used | Gram Negative |
Gram Positive |
Study Phase | Impact Target | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| polyethylenimine-chlorin(e6) and tris-cationic-buckminsterfullerene | dendrimer nanoconjugate |
E. coli
P. mirabilis P. aeruginosa |
S. aureus
E. fecalis |
in vitro in vivo |
biofilm + planktonic | [57] |
| 1-oxo-1H-phenalen-2-yl methyl pyridinium chloride (SAPYR) and 1-oxo-1H-phenalen- 2-yl-methyl-dodecan-1-aminium chloride (SA-PN-05) |
None | E. coli |
A. naeslundii
S. mutans |
in vitro | biofilm + planktonic | [58] |
| porfimer sodium (hematoporphyrin derivative) | None | F. nucleatuma | in vitro | biofilm | [61] | |
| Methylene blue | None |
E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, S. marcescens, H. influenzae |
C. albicans, E. faecalis, S. aureus, S. pneumoniae |
in vitro in vivo |
biofilm | [61] |
| Chlorin-e6 | None | H. influenzae |
M. catarrhalis, S. pneumoniae |
in vitro | biofilm + planktonic | [63] |
| Protoporphyrin IX and Methylene blue | None | A. baumannii | in vitro | biofilm + planktonic | [64] |