Table 6.
Antibacterial photodynamic therapy in combination with cold atmospheric pressure plasma therapy.
| Photosensitizer and Nanoconjugate System Used | Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma | Gram Negative |
Gram Positive |
Study Phase | Impact/Target | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indocyanine green direct treatment without nanoconjugate | home made device, 20 kHz/30 kV | MRSA | in vitro | biofilm + planktonic logCFU/mL reduction: 3.52, CAPP: 3.61 | [76] | |
| methylene blue direct treatment without nanoconjugate | Plasma Pen™, He (98%) + O2 (2%) 6 bar and 1 kV |
E. faecalis | in vitro | biofilm, AH Plus push-out bond strength: aPDT: 2.44, CAPP: 3.54 | [141] | |
| HELBO® Blue Photosensitizer | plasma jet (CAP1), dielectric barrier discharge (CAP2) | E. faecalis | in vitro | planktonic, logCFU/mL reduction: aPDT: 5.25, CAP1: 5.4 CAP2: 5.8 | [142] | |
| HELBO® Blue Photosensitizer | Plasma ONE device (420–1220 Hz, 7.2 V) | A. baumannii | S. aureus | in vivo | planktonic, biofilm, aPDT: complete eradication, CAP: infection depth dependant | [143] |
| toluidine blue direct treatment without nanoconjugate | dielectric barrier discharge (25-kHz, 5-kV, He + 0.5% O2) | E. faecalis | in vitro | planktonic, logCFU/mL reduction: aPDT: 2.156, CAP: 0.17. | [144] |