Figure 1.

NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and activation. Upon activation, the NLRP3 protein interacts with adaptor protein ASC via the PYD domain and the CARD domain of ASC recruits the CARD domain of pro-caspase-1. The active complex of NLRP3–ASC–pro-caspase-1 is also named NLRP3 inflammasome. Finally, caspase-1 leads to activation via proteolytic cleavage of pro-IL-1β causing maturing of IL-1β

NACHT – nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain, CARD – caspase recruitment domain, LRR – leucine rich repeat domain, PYD – pyrin domain, NLRP3 – NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3.