Figure 4.
Alterations in B cell subsets in patients with acute COVID-19 and COVID-19 convalescent patients. Scatter plots (A,B) show the percentages (the percentage of B cells within total lymphocyte population) and absolute numbers (number of B cells in 1 L of peripheral blood, 109/L) of B lymphocytes (CD19+), respectively. Scatter plots (C,D) show the percentages (the percentage of B cell subsets within the total lymphocyte population) of CD27-positive and CD27-negative B cells, respectively. Scatter plots (E,F) show the percentages (the percentage of B cell subsets within total lymphocyte population) of CD5-positive and CD5-negative B cells, respectively. Black circles—healthy control (HC, n = 24); black triangles—patients with acute COVID-19 (COV (fav), favorable outcome, n = 25); black squares—patients with acute COVID-19 (COV (unf), unfavorable outcome, n = 8); and white circles—COVID-19 survivors (CON, convalescent patients with favorable outcome of acute COVID-19, n = 33). Each dot represents individual subjects, and horizontal bars depict the group medians and quartile ranges (Med (Q25; Q75). Statistical analysis was performed with the Mann–Whitney U test.