Table 3.

Birth Defect Combinations Co-Occurring With Nonsyndromic Cleft Palate (CP) With the Top 30 Ratios of Observed: Expected Prevalence, Texas Birth Defects Registry, 1999–2014 (N = 1884).

Description of co-occurring defectsa	Number of cases with the defect combination	O/Eadj ratiob
Microphthalmos, ventricular septal defect, ostium secundum–type atrial septal defect, tricuspid atresia and stenosis	3	305.2
Anomalies of ear causing impairment of hearing, choanal atresia	3	81.7
Other anomalies of tongue	6	75.0
Reduction deformities of brain, other specified anomalies of brain, other anomalies of aorta	3	50.9
Unspecified anomalies of genital organs	3	49.4
Other anomalies of upper limb including shoulder girdle, other anomalies of ribs and sternum	5	46.3
Transposition of great vessels, tricuspid atresia and stenosis, other anomalies of aorta, anomalies of pulmonary artery	3	33.8
Microphthalmos, other unspecified anomalies of face and neck	4	31.6
Other unspecified anomalies of face and neck, other anomalies of upper limb including shoulder girdle	3	28.1
Renal agenesis and dysgenesis, other anomalies of upper limb including shoulder girdle	3	28.0
Reduction deformities of brain, other anomalies of nose	3	27.8
Ventricular septal defect, ostium secundum–type atrial septal defect, other specified anomalies of unspecified limb	3	27.7
Congenital hydrocephalus, other specified anomalies of unspecified limb	4	24.7
Anomalies of ear causing impairment of hearing, other anomalies of ribs and sternum	3	24.2
Other specified anomalies of brain, congenital anomalies of posterior segment	3	23.9
Other unspecified anomalies of face and neck, other specified anomalies of unspecified limb	3	23.2
Cystic hygroma, other deformities of feet	3	21.9
Reduction defects of upper limb, other anomalies of ribs and sternum	3	20.8
Renal agenesis and dysgenesis, syndactyly	3	19.5
Other unspecified anomalies of face and neck, other anomalies of ribs and sternum	3	19.4
Varus (inward) deformities of feet, other anomalies of upper limb including shoulder girdle	3	18.9
Microphthalmos, ventricular septal defect	5	18.9
Other specified anomalies of brain, anomalies of ear causing impairment of hearing	3	18.9
Reduction deformities of brain, anomalies of peripheral vascular system	3	18.8
Encephalocele, reduction deformities of brain	3	18.6
Other unspecified anomalies of face and neck, other anomalies of lower limb including pelvic girdle	3	17.5
Other anomalies of lower limb including pelvic girdle, other anomalies of ribs and sternum	3	16.1
Hypothyroidism congenital, ostium secundum–type atrial septal defect	4	15.9
Reduction defects of upper limb, other anomalies of upper limb including shoulder girdle	4	15.3
Other unspecified anomalies of face and neck, polydactyly	3	15.3

^aBPA codes for defects included in the analysis specified in Supplementary material.

^bAdjusted observed-to-expected (O/E_adj) prevalence ratio.