Table 3.
Regressions of Background, Economic, Social, and Health Indicators on Gender Identity, Age 18 and older, WA-BRFSS 2016 – 2019: B, OR, AOR (95% CI)
| All transgender (n = 181) | Transgender nonbinary (n = 59) | Transgender women (n = 78) | Transgender men (n = 44) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ref. All cisgender | Ref. All cisgender | Ref. Cisgender women | Ref. Cisgender men | Ref. Cisgender men | Ref. Cisgender women | |
| Background | ||||||
| Agea | −11.7 (−14.8, −8.7)*** | −15.1 (−19.9, −10.4)*** | −5.8 (−10.9, −0.7)* | −4.1 (−9.2, 1.1) | −14.0 (−19.6, −8.8)*** | −15.8 (−21.3, −10.2)*** |
|
| ||||||
| Non-Hispanic Whiteb,d | 0.8 (0.5, 1.1) | 1.3 (0.6, 2.6) | 0.7 (0.4, 1.2) | 0.7 (0.4, 1.2) | 0.6 (0.3, 1.1) | 0.5 (0.3, 1.1) |
|
| ||||||
| Economic | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Income ≥ 200% of FPLb | 2.5 (1.6, 3.8)*** | 1.9 (0.8, 4.2) | 1.9 (1.0, 3.5)* | 2.5 (1.3, 4.5)** | 5.0 (2.3, 11.1)*** | 3.9 (1.7, 8.6)** |
|
| ||||||
| High school or lessb | 2.0 (1.4, 2.9)*** | 1.8 (1.0, 3.5) | 2.0 (1.4, 3.5)* | 1.6 (0.9, 2.8) | 2.4 (1.2, 4.8)* | 3.0 (1.5, 6.0)** |
|
| ||||||
| Employedb | 0.9 (0.6, 1.3) | 1.0 (0.5, 1.9) | 0.8 (0.5, 1.4) | 0.5 (0.3, 0.8)** | 0.8 (0.4, 1.6) | 1.3 (0.6, 2.8) |
|
| ||||||
| Social | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Married or partneredb | 0.4 (0.3, 0.6)*** | 0.5 (0.3, 0.9)* | 0.6 (0.4, 1.1) | 0.6 (0.3, 1.0)* | 0.2 (0.1, 0.5)*** | 0.2 (0.1, 0.5)*** |
|
| ||||||
| Number of children in householda | −0.2 (−0.4, −0.1)* | −0.2 (−0.5, 0.1) | −0.4 (−0.6, −0.2)*** | −0.3 (−0.5, −0.1)** | −0.1 (−0.4, 0.3) | −0.2 (−0.5, 0.2) |
|
| ||||||
| Living aloneb | 1.4 (1.0, 2.1) | 0.6 (0.3, 1.2) | 2.8 (1.6, 5.0)*** | 3.0 (1.7, 5.3)*** | 1.3 (0.5, 3.1) | 1.2 (0.5, 2.9) |
|
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| Behaviors | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Current smokingc | 0.7 (0.4, 1.1) | 0.8 (0.3, 1.9) | 0.8 (0.4, 1.8) | 0.6 (0.3, 1.4) | 0.5 (0.2, 1.3) | 0.6 (0.2, 1.7) |
|
| ||||||
| Excessive drinkingc | 0.7 (0.4, 1.2) | 0.8 (0.3, 1.7) | 0.6 (0.3, 1.6) | 0.4 (0.2, 0.9)* | 0.6 (0.2, 1.7) | 1.0 (0.3, 2.9) |
|
| ||||||
| Physical activityc | 0.8 (0.4, 1.6) | 1.1 (0.3, 3.7) | 0.7 (0.2, 2.1) | 0.6 (0.2, 1.9) | 0.6 (0.1, 2.7) | 0.7 (0.2, 3.0) |
|
| ||||||
| Healthcare access | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Healthcare coveragec | 1.8 (0.9, 3.4) | 1.1 (0.4, 2.9) | 1.6 (0.5, 5.2) | 2.2 (0.7, 7.3) | 4.1 (1.1, 15.9)* | 3.0 (0.8, 11.5) |
|
| ||||||
| Healthcare providerc | 1.4 (0.9, 2.1) | 1.1 (0.5, 2.4) | 1.1 (0.5, 2.4) | 2.3 (1.1, 5.0)* | 2.2 (1.0, 4.7) | 1.0 (0.5, 2.3) |
|
| ||||||
| Financial barrier to carec | 1.4 (0.9, 2.2) | 1.3 (0.6, 3.0) | 1.0 (0.5, 2.3) | 1.2 (0.5, 2.8) | 1.9 (0.9, 4.0) | 1.6 (0.8, 3.3) |
|
| ||||||
| Preventive care | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Routine checkupc | 1.4 (1.0, 2.2) | 1.1 (0.5, 2.1) | 1.1 (0.6, 2.2) | 1.9 (0.8, 4.6) | 2.9 (1.2, 6.8)* | 1.9 (0.8, 4.6) |
|
| ||||||
| Flu vaccinationc | 1.4 (0.9, 2.1) | 0.8 (0.3, 1.9) | 1.4 (0.8, 2.6) | 1.8 (1.0, 3.3)* | 2.6 (1.3, 5.3)** | 2.0 (1.0, 4.2) |
|
| ||||||
| HIV testc | 1.2 (0.8, 1.7) | 1.5 (0.7, 3.0) | 1.1 (0.6, 1.9) | 1.2 (0.7, 2.2) | 0.9 (0.4, 1.9) | 0.8 (0.4, 1.6) |
|
| ||||||
| Health outcomes | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Poor general healthc | 1.7 (1.1, 2.7)* | 1.9 (0.8, 4.2) | 2.1 (1.1, 3.9)* | 1.9 (1.0, 3.6)* | 1.3 (0.6, 2.7) | 1.4 (0.7, 2.9) |
|
| ||||||
| Poor mental healthc | 4.0 (2.7, 6.1)*** | 5.0 (2.4, 10.4)*** | 3.4 (1.9, 6.2)*** | 5.2 (2.9, 9.4)*** | 3.7 (1.7, 8.0)** | 2.4 (1.1, 5.3)* |
|
| ||||||
| Poor physical healthc | 2.2 (1.4, 3.5)** | 3.1 (1.4, 6.7)** | 1.6 (0.8, 3.2) | 1.8 (0.8, 3.6) | 2.1 (0.9, 5.1) | 1.9 (0.8, 4.6) |
|
| ||||||
| Number of chronic conditionsa,e | 0.2 (0.1, 0.4)** | 0.3 (−0.0, 0.5) | 0.03 (−0.2, 0.3) | 0.1 (−0.2, 0.3) | 0.4 (0.1, 0.7)** | 0.4 (0.1, 0.7)* |
|
| ||||||
| Disabilityc | 2.9 (1.9, 4.4)*** | 4.3 (2.1, 8.9)*** | 2.6 (1.3, 5.0)** | 2.8 (1.4, 5.5)** | 2.0 (1.0, 4.0) | 1.8 (0.9, 3.6) |
|
| ||||||
| Subjective cognitive declinec,f | 5.7 (1.8, 17.7)** | n/ag | 4.0 (0.8, 20.1) | 3.3 (0.7, 16.9) | 2.5 (0.3, 19.9) | 2.9 (0.4, 23.7) |
Note. All cisgender includes cisgender women and men, and all transgender includes transgender nonbinary people, transgender women, and transgender men.
Linear regressions were conducted for age, number of children in household, and number of chronic conditions (Estimate indicates coefficient B).
Logistic regressions were conducted and estimates indicate odds ratio (= OR).
Logistic regressions were performed for all health indicators (behaviors, health care access, preventive care, health outcomes, chronic conditions, disability, and subjective cognitive decline) after adjusting for age, income, and education, and estimates indicate adjusted odds ratios (= AOR).
The counts of racial and ethnic minority groups were too small to make reliable estimates.
Includes arthritis, asthma, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and obesity.
Available in 2016 only.
Estimates suppressed due to lack of reliability. N’s are unweighted.
CI = Confidence Interval. Ref. = reference group.
p < 0.05
p < 0.01
p < 0.001.