Figure 6.

Experimental pericardial vascular patches in porcine carotid arteries: implantation, pre-explant angiography, and explantation. We implanted decellularized porcine allograft and ovine xenograft patches ((A–D) and (M–P), respectively), allograft and xenograft patches recellularized with autologous adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ASCs, (E–H) and (Q–T), respectively), and allograft and xenograft patches recellularized with allogeneic Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJCs; (I–L) and (U–X), respectively). Macroscopic views of the patches after declamping and hemostasis during implantation are shown in the left-hand column. Selective carotid angiograms performed from groin access at 1 month (1 M) post-implantation are shown in the middle two columns (anterior–posterior and lateral projection). The boundaries of the implanted patch are marked with metal clips. Gross appearances of cross-sectioned explants at 1 M are presented in the right-hand column. Implanted patches comprise the upper half of the vessel.