Table 2.
Comparing physical and non-physical parental interactions by children personal attributes.
| Variables | Physical Parental Interactions (%) | Non-Physical Parental Interactions (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Total | 8769 (99.0) | 8632 (97.5) |
| Age group (years) | ||
| 2 | 3039 (99.0) | 2988 (97.4) |
| 3 | 3081 (99.1) | 3026 (97.3) |
| 4 | 2649 (98.9) | 2618 (97.8) |
| Gender | ||
| Male | 4488 (99.1) | 4413 (97.5) |
| Female | 4281 (98.9) | 4219 (97.5) |
| Residential area | ||
| Urban | 3081 (99.3) | 3046 (98.1) * |
| Rural | 5688 (98.9) | 5586 (97.1) * |
| Family wealth (quintiles) | ||
| 1 | 2178 (98.6) | 2118 (95.9) ** |
| 2 | 2025 (99.2) | 1976 (96.8) ** |
| 3 | 1838 (99.2) | 1814 (97.9) ** |
| 4 | 1593 (99.1) | 1588 (98.8) ** |
| 5 | 1135 (99.0) | 1136 (99.1) ** |
| Parental education level (n = 8518) | ||
| Primary education | 4539 (98.8) * | 4441 (96.7) ** |
| Secondary education | 1932 (99.3) * | 1920 (98.7) ** |
| Post-secondary education | 1968 (99.5) * | 1960 (99.1) ** |
* p-value < 0.01, ** p-value < 0.001 (for each type of parental interaction and each variable). Note: Percentage of each type of parental interaction per all children in each subgroup of a variable.